Dong Ziyue, Nie Jianliang, Li Dan, Wu Yufeng
School of Public Economics and Administration, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, 200433, China.
School of Public Administration, Northwest University, Shaanxi, 710127, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2025 Feb 3;25(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-05720-3.
Within the population aging and the trend of aging in place on the rise, it is crucial to explore how care needs are being met for this demographic within the community.
This study utilizes data from the 2019-2021 survey on 1,126 rural older adults aged 60 years and above across 11 provinces and 31 villages in China. This study aims to examine the influence of spouse, offspring, and community status on the extent to which the care needs of rural older adults are met. Furthermore, it seeks to clarify the underlying mechanism of influence, as well as the change that occurs throughout the life cycle, using a multiple linear regression analysis.
This study demonstrates that the health status of spouses, the education level of offspring, the relationship with offspring, and the living with offspring significantly and positively influence the meeting of care needs among rural older adults. Notably, older adults with healthier spouses experience a 14.5% greater fulfillment of care needs compared to those without partners. Furthermore, those living with their offspring experience a 10.6% higher degree of care met. Additionally, the construction and operation of community senior care facilities, indicative of community quality, significantly enhance the meeting of care needs among rural older adults, with a 16.0% increase in met needs for those residing in communities equipped with such facilities compared to those without. From a life cycle perspective, the aforementioned significant effects are only observed among rural older adults aged 60-74 years or those in better health.
Our results indicate the meeting of the care needs among rural older adults is influenced by the quality of their spouse, offspring, and community, with these effects diminishing later in the life cycle.
在人口老龄化以及就地养老趋势不断上升的背景下，探索如何在社区中满足这一人群的护理需求至关重要。
本研究利用了2019 - 2021年对中国11个省份31个村庄的1126名60岁及以上农村老年人的调查数据。本研究旨在考察配偶、子女和社区状况对农村老年人护理需求满足程度的影响。此外，本研究还试图通过多元线性回归分析来阐明潜在的影响机制以及在整个生命周期中发生的变化。
本研究表明，配偶的健康状况、子女的教育水平、与子女的关系以及与子女同住对农村老年人护理需求的满足有显著的正向影响。值得注意的是，配偶健康的老年人比没有配偶的老年人护理需求满足度高14.5%。此外，与子女同住的老年人护理需求满足程度高出10.6%。此外，作为社区质量指标的社区老年护理设施的建设和运营显著提高了农村老年人护理需求的满足程度，与没有此类设施的社区相比，居住在配备此类设施社区的老年人护理需求满足度提高了16.0%。从生命周期的角度来看，上述显著影响仅在60 - 74岁或健康状况较好的农村老年人中观察到。
我们的结果表明，农村老年人护理需求的满足受到其配偶、子女和社区质量的影响，且这些影响在生命周期后期会减弱。
