Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2022 Aug;15(8):911-919. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2112948. Epub 2022 Aug 18.
Ocular redness, or conjunctival hyperemia, is a common ophthalmic sign associated with reduced quality of life. For redness without apparent underlying pathology, topical ophthalmic decongestants have been widely used.
Brimonidine tartrate was approved in 2017 as a topical vasoconstrictor at a 0.025% concentration for relief of ocular redness. Since then, investigators have reported on efficacy and safety findings from studies evaluating low-dose brimonidine for reducing ocular redness.
Brimonidine is highly selective for α-adrenergic receptors. Clinical trials have so far shown that the drug in low doses significantly reduces ocular redness in comparison to vehicle for up to 8 hours. Brimonidine-treated eyes did not present side effects of other vasoconstrictors, such as hypotension, cardiac arrhythmia, or drowsiness. Ocular adverse events, such as allergic reactions and redness rebound, were also minimal. In this review, we examine in detail published literature on the mechanism of brimonidine tartrate and its efficacy and safety in relieving conjunctival hyperemia.
眼部发红，又称结膜充血，是一种常见的眼部症状，与生活质量的下降有关。对于没有明显潜在病理原因的发红，局部使用眼部减充血剂已被广泛应用。
酒石酸溴莫尼定于 2017 年获批上市，作为浓度为 0.025%的局部血管收缩剂，用于缓解眼部发红。此后，研究人员报告了多项评估低剂量溴莫尼定减轻眼部发红的疗效和安全性的研究结果。
溴莫尼定对 α-肾上腺素能受体具有高度选择性。临床试验迄今为止表明，与载体相比，该药物在低剂量下可显著减少眼部发红，持续时间长达 8 小时。接受溴莫尼定治疗的眼睛没有出现其他血管收缩剂的副作用，如低血压、心律失常或嗜睡。眼部不良反应，如过敏反应和发红反弹，也很少见。在这篇综述中，我们详细研究了酒石酸溴莫尼定的作用机制及其在缓解结膜充血方面的疗效和安全性方面的已发表文献。
