State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
J Plant Physiol. 2022 Sep;276:153779. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153779. Epub 2022 Aug 4.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as the important food crop worldwide has abundant morphological and genetic diversity. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms determining phenotypic differences in wild species and cultivated potato, a comparative proteomics approach was applied to analyze leaf proteome alteration among three tetraploid cultivars and three diploid wild species using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Quantitative image analysis showed a total of 47 protein spots with significantly altered abundance (>3-fold, P < 0.05), and 45 differentially abundant proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. These proteins exhibited both the qualitative and quantitative changes. Most of them were involved in photosynthesis, cell defense and rescue, protein biosynthesis, which might exhibit the main differences between tetraploid cultivars and diploid wild species. The photosynthesis and protein biosynthesis-related proteins were up-regulated or only present in tetraploid cultivars, suggesting the higher photosynthetic efficiency and more newly synthesized peptides. It might contribute to some superior traits of tetraploid cultivars, such as larger leaf size, greater growth vigor, better tuber yield and quality. However, some cell defense and rescue-related proteins, especially the pathogenesis-related proteins and antioxidant enzymes, were up-regulated or only present in diploid wild species. It might be responsible for stronger resistance to diseases and pests or tolerance to environmental stresses in diploid wild species. This study would provide valuable information for the underlying molecular mechanisms of potato genetic diversity, and help in developing strategies for the utilization of wild species for potato improvement.
马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）作为全球重要的粮食作物，具有丰富的形态和遗传多样性。为了了解决定野生种和栽培马铃薯表型差异的潜在分子机制，本研究应用比较蛋白质组学方法，利用二维凝胶电泳（2-DE）分析了三个四倍体品种和三个二倍体野生种之间叶片蛋白质组的变化。定量图像分析显示，共有 47 个蛋白质斑点的丰度发生了显著变化（>3 倍，P<0.05），通过 MALDI-TOF/TOF MS 鉴定出 45 个差异丰度蛋白。这些蛋白质表现出定性和定量的变化。它们大多参与光合作用、细胞防御和修复、蛋白质生物合成，这可能是四倍体品种和二倍体野生种之间的主要差异。与光合作用和蛋白质生物合成相关的蛋白质上调或仅存在于四倍体品种中，表明其具有更高的光合作用效率和更多新合成的肽。这可能有助于四倍体品种具有一些优良特性，如较大的叶片大小、更强的生长活力、更好的块茎产量和品质。然而，一些细胞防御和修复相关的蛋白质，特别是与发病机制相关的蛋白质和抗氧化酶，上调或仅存在于二倍体野生种中。这可能是二倍体野生种对病虫害具有更强的抗性或对环境胁迫具有更强的耐受性的原因。本研究为马铃薯遗传多样性的潜在分子机制提供了有价值的信息，并有助于制定利用野生种改良马铃薯的策略。
