Sepúlveda Carlos Humberto, Sotelo-Gonzalez Maria Isabel, Osuna-Martínez Carmen Cristina, Frías-Espericueta Martín Gabriel, Sánchez-Cárdenas Rebeca, Bergés-Tiznado Magdalena Elizabeth, Góngora-Gómez Andrés Martín, García-Ulloa Manuel
Doctorado en Ciencias en Recursos Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Avenida de los Deportes S/N Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 82017, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Paseo Claussen S/N Col. Los Pinos, C.P. 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Environ Geochem Health. 2023 May;45(5):2329-2348. doi: 10.1007/s10653-022-01347-0. Epub 2022 Aug 11.
The coastal lagoons of the Gulf of California support important traditional fisheries and mollusc cultures (generally oysters) and receive important volumes of agricultural, industrial and urban effluents, consumption of the oysters could pose risk to human health. The concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in the oysters Saccostrea palmula and Crassostrea corteziensis, from four coastal lagoons (Altata, AL; Macapule, ML; Navachiste, NL; El Colorado, ECL) in the Southeast Gulf of California, were seasonally evaluated (summer 2019-spring 2020). The order of magnitude of potentially toxic elements concentrations in the soft tissue in both oyster species and at all sites was Zn > Fe > Cu > As > Cd > Pb. Cadmium, Cu, Pb, and Zn exceeded the maximum permissible limits in more than one sampling site. The highest concentrations (mg kg, wet weight) of As (4.2 ± 1.1, spring) and Cd (3.3 ± 0.7, autumn) were registered in S. palmula et al. and NL sampling sites, respectively. Crassostrea corteziensis presented higher levels of Cu (40.5 ± 6.7, spring), Pb (2.0 ± 0.4, spring), and Zn (96.9 ± 20.4, spring) in ECL and Fe (62.2 ± 25.4, autumn) in ML. The hazard quotient (HQ) values exceeded the safe level of 1 for Cd in S. palmula and C. corteziensis in NL for children (~ 16 kg weight). In addition, in children, the hazard index (HI) values in both species of oysters ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 and 0.6 to 1.9, respectively. On the other hand, the intake of the studied elements through the consumption of oysters would not induce adverse effects to human health (men and women weighing 70 and 60 kg, respectively); HQ and HI values were < 1.
加利福尼亚湾的沿海泻湖支撑着重要的传统渔业和贝类养殖（通常是牡蛎），并接纳了大量的农业、工业和城市污水，食用这些牡蛎可能会对人类健康构成风险。对来自加利福尼亚湾东南部四个沿海泻湖（阿尔塔塔，AL；马卡普利，ML；纳瓦希斯特，NL；埃尔科罗拉多，ECL）的掌状巨蛎和科尔特斯巨蛎中的砷（As）、镉（Cd）、铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）浓度进行了季节性评估（2019年夏季至2020年春季）。在所有采样点的两种牡蛎的软组织中，潜在有毒元素浓度的数量级为Zn＞Fe＞Cu＞As＞Cd＞Pb。镉、铜、铅和锌在不止一个采样点超过了最大允许限值。掌状巨蛎等的砷（春季4.2±1.1，毫克/千克湿重）和镉（秋季3.3±0.7，毫克/千克湿重）的最高浓度分别在NL采样点记录到。科尔特斯巨蛎在ECL的铜（春季40.5±6.7，毫克/千克湿重）、铅（春季2.0±0.4，毫克/千克湿重）和锌（春季96.9±20.4，毫克/千克湿重）以及在ML的铁（秋季62.2±25.4，毫克/千克湿重）含量较高。在NL，掌状巨蛎和科尔特斯巨蛎中镉的危害商（HQ）值超过了儿童（体重约16千克）安全水平1。此外，在儿童中，两种牡蛎的危害指数（HI）值分别为0.7至2.1和0.6至1.9。另一方面，通过食用牡蛎摄入所研究的元素不会对人类健康产生不利影响（男性和女性体重分别为70千克和60千克）；HQ和HI值均＜1。
