Gohari Ali, Gohari Adel, Ahmad Anuar Bin
Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism, Sadjad University of Technology, No. 64 Jalal Al Ahmad St., Mashhad, 91881-48848, Iran.
Department of Geoinformation, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jan;30(2):3707-3725. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22472-4. Epub 2022 Aug 11.
Megacities recently are experiencing a shortage of green spaces basically due to the rapid growth of urbanization and increasing demand for different building types. Consideration of sustainable urban development is essential since the expansion of city facilities should be in line with social, economic, and environmental aspects. In this regard, green roof technology has been recommended as an effective solution for the growth of green spaces per capita and improving sustainability means of urban developments due to its diverse advantages. This study thus aimed at prioritizing sustainability indicators and relative sub-criteria of adopting green roof technology for residential and governmental buildings in the city of Mashhad, Iran, which has a dry climate. For this purpose, thirteen sub-criteria, which are extracted from the existing literature, are classified into three main sustainability indicators (environmental, economic, and social). Also, the best-worth method (BWM) as a multi-criteria decision-making technique was implemented to prioritize indicators and sub-criteria by analyzing the expert's opinion. The results indicated that respective economic and environmental indicators attract the highest priority in residential and governmental buildings. Additionally, the most important sub-criteria in environmental, economic, and social groups are air quality, roof longevity, and public health in both building types, respectively. However, when all criteria were considered, the respective highest priorities belong to roof longevity and air quality in residential and governmental buildings, while biodiversity conservation is the least important one in both building types. The results of this research can be beneficial in other cities with similar economic and climate conditions.
大城市近来正面临绿地短缺的问题，这主要是由于城市化的快速发展以及对不同建筑类型需求的增加。考虑可持续城市发展至关重要，因为城市设施的扩张应符合社会、经济和环境方面的要求。在这方面，绿色屋顶技术因其多样的优势，被推荐为增加人均绿地面积和改善城市发展可持续性的有效解决方案。因此，本研究旨在对伊朗马什哈德市住宅和政府建筑采用绿色屋顶技术的可持续性指标及相关子标准进行优先排序，该市气候干燥。为此，从现有文献中提取的13个子标准被分为三个主要的可持续性指标（环境、经济和社会）。此外，采用最佳价值法（BWM）这一多标准决策技术，通过分析专家意见对指标和子标准进行优先排序。结果表明，经济和环境指标在住宅和政府建筑中分别获得最高优先级。此外，环境、经济和社会组中最重要的子标准在两种建筑类型中分别是空气质量、屋顶寿命和公众健康。然而，当考虑所有标准时，住宅和政府建筑中各自最高优先级分别属于屋顶寿命和空气质量，而生物多样性保护在两种建筑类型中都是最不重要的。本研究结果对其他具有类似经济和气候条件的城市可能有益。
