Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Technology (Aburaihan), College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran E-mail:
Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Technology (Aburaihan), College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Water Sci Technol. 2024 Jan;89(2):484-503. doi: 10.2166/wst.2024.006.
The study successfully implemented six low-impact development (LID) methods to manage surface runoff in urban areas: green roof, infiltration trench, bio retention cell, rain barrel, green roof combined with infiltration trench, and rain barrel combined with bio-retention cell. Each method has unique benefits in mitigating surface runoff effects in urban environments. The following four indicators were used to evaluate the methods: runoff volume reduction, peak runoff flow rate reduction, economic sustainability, and social sustainability. The study, which lasted approximately 4 months, was conducted in an eastern Tehran metropolis residential area with a mix of old and new buildings. The SWMM model determined runoff volume and peak flow values, and a price analysis list determined the economic index. Local experts completed 25 questionnaires to evaluate the social index. Fuzzy TOPSIS multi-indicator decision criteria were used to prioritize LID methods, and the Rain barrel + Bio retention cell combined scenario emerged as the best option based on all four criteria. The method reduced peak runoff flow by 23.1-66.1% under rainfall with 10-year return periods. The green roof + infiltration trench method had the highest percentage reduction of 2,737 m, while the infiltration trench had the lowest reduction of 273 m.
该研究成功实施了六种低影响开发（LID）方法来管理城市地区的地表径流：绿色屋顶、渗透沟渠、生物滞留池、雨水桶、绿色屋顶与渗透沟渠结合以及雨水桶与生物滞留池结合。每种方法在减轻城市环境中地表径流影响方面都具有独特的优势。以下四个指标用于评估这些方法：径流量减少、峰值径流量减少、经济可持续性和社会可持续性。这项为期约 4 个月的研究在德黑兰东部一个新旧建筑混合的大都市住宅区进行。SWMM 模型确定了径流量和峰值流量值，价格分析清单确定了经济指标。当地专家完成了 25 份问卷，以评估社会指数。模糊 TOPSIS 多指标决策标准用于对 LID 方法进行优先级排序，根据所有四个标准，雨水桶+生物滞留池联合方案是最佳选择。该方法在降雨重现期为 10 年的情况下，将峰值径流量减少了 23.1-66.1%。绿色屋顶+渗透沟渠法的减少百分比最高，为 2,737 立方米，而渗透沟渠的减少百分比最低，为 273 立方米。
