Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, GR-71004 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas (FORTH), GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 28;19(15):9233. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159233.
Neurological physiotherapy adopts a problem-based approach for each patient as determined by a thorough evaluation of the patient's physical and mental well-being. Τhis work aims to provide a literature review of physical therapy interventions in the elderly with neurological diseases (NDs) and discuss physiotherapy procedures and methods that utilize cutting-edge technologies for which clinical studies are available. Hence, the review focuses on acute NDs (stroke), deteriorating NDs (Parkinson's disease), and age-related cognitive impairment. The most used physiotherapy procedures on which clinical data are available are balance and gait training (robot-assisted or not), occupational therapy, classical physiotherapy, walking and treadmill training, and upper limb robot-assisted therapy. Respectively, the most often-used equipment are types of treadmills, robotic-assisted equipment (Lokomat and Gait Trainer GT1), and portable walkway systems (GAITRite), along with state-of-the-art technologies of virtual reality, virtual assistants, and smartphones. The findings of this work summarize the core standard tools and procedures, but more importantly, provide a glimpse of the new era in physiotherapy with the utilization of innovative equipment tools for advanced patient monitoring and empowerment.
神经物理疗法针对每位患者采用基于问题的方法，这是通过对患者身心健康的彻底评估确定的。这项工作旨在提供神经疾病（NDs）老年患者物理治疗干预的文献综述，并讨论利用现有临床研究的前沿技术的物理治疗程序和方法。因此，该综述侧重于急性 NDs（中风）、进行性 NDs（帕金森病）和与年龄相关的认知障碍。最常使用且有临床数据支持的物理治疗程序是平衡和步态训练（机器人辅助或非机器人辅助）、职业治疗、经典物理治疗、步行和跑步机训练以及上肢机器人辅助治疗。分别而言，最常使用的设备是跑步机类型、机器人辅助设备（Lokomat 和 Gait Trainer GT1）和便携式步道系统（GAITRite），以及虚拟现实、虚拟助手和智能手机等最先进的技术。这项工作的结果总结了核心标准工具和程序，但更重要的是，为物理治疗的新时代提供了一个视角，利用创新的设备工具对患者进行先进的监测和赋能。
