Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
UNICEF Bangladesh, Cox's Bazar Field Office, Cox's Bazar 4700, Bangladesh.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 5;19(15):9635. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159635.
(1) Background: This study aimed to investigate the existing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) policy and practice of the study population and strengthen the evidence base by documenting changes in the WASH policy and practice over 3 years of the Rohingya refugee humanitarian crisis, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional surveillance design was followed; the sampling of the study population included the Rohingya refugee population and neighborhood host nationals who required hospitalization soon after seeking care and enrolled into the diarrheal disease surveillance in diarrhea-treatment centers. Throughout the study period of 3 years, a total of 4550 hospitalized individuals constituted the study participants. (3) Results: Among the hospitalized Rohingya refugee population; the use of public tap water increased significantly from 38.5% in year 1 to 91% in year 3. The use of deep tube well water significantly changed from 31.3% to 8.2%, and the use of shallow tube well water reduced significantly from 25.8% to 0.4%. Households using water seal latrine were 13.3% in year 1 and increased significantly to 31.7% in year 3. ORS consumption at home changed significantly from 61.5% in the first year to 82.1% in third year. Multivariable analysis demonstrated patients' age groups at 5 to 14 years, and 15 years and more, drinking non-tube well water, soap use after using toilet, use of non-sanitary toilet facility, father's and mother's lack of schooling, and some and severe dehydration were significantly associated with the Rohingya refugee population enrolled into the diarrheal disease surveillance. (4) Conclusion: The findings indicate significant advances in WASH service delivery as well as outreach activities by aid agencies for the Rohingya refugee population living in settlements.
(1) 背景：本研究旨在调查研究人群现有的水、环境卫生和个人卫生（WASH）政策和实践，并通过记录 3 年来罗兴亚难民人道主义危机期间 WASH 政策和实践的变化，为该领域提供更多证据。研究地点在孟加拉国考克斯巴扎尔。
(2) 方法：本研究采用横断面监测设计，研究人群的抽样包括罗兴亚难民和在腹泻治疗中心寻求医疗服务后不久需要住院的当地居民。在 3 年的研究期间，共有 4550 名住院患者构成了研究对象。
(3) 结果：在住院的罗兴亚难民中，使用公共自来水的比例从第 1 年的 38.5%显著增加到第 3 年的 91%。深管井用水的使用率从 31.3%显著下降至 8.2%，浅管井用水的使用率从 25.8%显著下降至 0.4%。使用水封厕所的家庭比例从第 1 年的 13.3%显著增加到第 3 年的 31.7%。在家中口服补液盐的使用率从第 1 年的 61.5%显著增加到第 3 年的 82.1%。多变量分析显示，5 至 14 岁和 15 岁及以上的患者饮用非管井水、使用厕所后使用肥皂、使用非卫生厕所设施、父母未受教育以及出现一些或严重脱水与罗兴亚难民腹泻病监测登记之间存在显著关联。
(4) 结论：研究结果表明，援助机构为居住在难民营的罗兴亚难民提供的 WASH 服务交付和外展活动取得了显著进展。
