Center of Analysis and Testing, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 5;23(15):8706. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158706.
Ionic liquids (ILs) show a bright application prospect in the field of biomedicine and energy materials due to their unique recyclable, modifiability, structure of cation and anion adjustability, as well as excellent physical and chemical properties. Dissolving silk fibroin (SF), from different species silkworm cocoons, with ILs is considered an effective new way to obtain biomaterials with highly enhanced/tailored properties, which can significantly overcome the shortcomings of traditional preparation methods, such as the cumbersome, time-consuming and the organic toxicity caused by manufacture. In this paper, the basic structure and properties of SF and the preparation methods of traditional regenerated SF solution are first introduced. Then, the dissolving mechanism and main influencing factors of ILs for SF are expounded, and the fabrication methods, material structure and properties of SF blending with natural biological protein, inorganic matter, synthetic polymer, carbon nanotube and graphene oxide in the ILs solution system are introduced. Additionally, our work summarizes the biomedicine and tissue engineering applications of silk-based materials dissolved through various ILs. Finally, according to the deficiency of ILs for dissolving SF at a high melting point and expensive cost, their further study and future development trend are prospected.
离子液体 (ILs) 由于其独特的可回收性、可修饰性、阳离子和阴离子结构可调性以及优异的物理化学性质，在生物医药和能源材料领域显示出了广阔的应用前景。用 ILs 溶解丝素 (SF)，来自不同物种的蚕茧，被认为是获得具有高度增强/定制特性的生物材料的一种有效新方法，它可以显著克服传统制备方法的缺点，如繁琐、耗时以及制造过程中的有机毒性。本文首先介绍了 SF 的基本结构和性质以及传统再生 SF 溶液的制备方法。然后，阐述了 ILs 溶解 SF 的溶解机制和主要影响因素，并介绍了 SF 与天然生物蛋白、无机物、合成聚合物、碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯在 ILs 溶液体系中的共混物的制备方法、材料结构和性能。此外，我们的工作总结了通过各种 ILs 溶解的基于丝素的材料在生物医学和组织工程中的应用。最后，根据 ILs 溶解高熔点和昂贵成本的 SF 的不足，对其进一步的研究和未来的发展趋势进行了展望。
