Malka Maksymilian, Du Laing Gijs, Bohn Torsten
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 1;11(15):2009. doi: 10.3390/plants11152009.
Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are important cofactors for antioxidant enzymes. Foliar Se/Zn application is a highly efficient strategy of plant biofortification. However, its effects on the accumulation of macrominerals, macronutrients and bioactive compounds in the pea plant (Pisum sativum L.) have been poorly investigated. A two-year pot experiment was performed to study responses of two pea varieties (Ambassador, Premium) to foliar-applied sodium selenate (0/50/100 g Se/ha) and zinc oxide (0/375/750 g Zn/ha) at the flowering stage. Concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, Na, soluble solids (SSC), protein, chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, total carotenoids and total condensed tannins (TCT) were determined in seeds. Mg concentration in Ambassador and chlorophyll a concentration in Premium were positively affected, in part, by selenate and zinc oxide, respectively. Selenate and zinc oxide increased, in part, protein concentration in Premium. Highest protein concentration was found in Premium treated with 375 g Zn/ha (27.6% DW) vs. the control (26.6% DW). Significant (all p < 0.001) positive correlations were found, among others, between concentrations of Zn and Mg (r2 = 0.735) and between Zn and protein (r2 = 0.437) for Ambassador, and between Mg and protein (r2 = 0.682), between Zn and Mg (r2 = 0.807), as well as between Zn and protein (r2 = 0.884) for Premium. TCT significantly (all p < 0.05) and positively correlated with SSC (r2 = 0.131), chlorophyll b (r2 = 0.128) and total chlorophyll (r2 = 0.109) for Ambassador. This study provides new nutritional data on Se/Zn biofortified peas, important for improving agronomic biofortification of pea plants.
硒（Se）和锌（Zn）是抗氧化酶的重要辅助因子。叶面喷施硒/锌是一种高效的植物生物强化策略。然而，其对豌豆植株（Pisum sativum L.）中大量矿物质、大量营养素和生物活性化合物积累的影响尚未得到充分研究。进行了一项为期两年的盆栽试验，以研究两个豌豆品种（大使、特级）在开花期对叶面喷施硒酸钠（0/50/100 g Se/公顷）和氧化锌（0/375/750 g Zn/公顷）的反应。测定了种子中钙、镁、钾、钠、可溶性固形物（SSC）、蛋白质、叶绿素a和b、总叶绿素、总类胡萝卜素和总缩合单宁（TCT）的浓度。大使品种中的镁浓度和特级品种中的叶绿素a浓度分别部分受到硒酸盐和氧化锌的正向影响。硒酸盐和氧化锌部分提高了特级品种中的蛋白质浓度。在喷施375 g Zn/公顷的特级品种中发现最高蛋白质浓度（27.6%干重），而对照为（26.6%干重）。在大使品种中，锌和镁的浓度之间（r2 = 0.735）以及锌和蛋白质的浓度之间（r2 = 0.437）存在显著（所有p < 0.001）正相关；在特级品种中，镁和蛋白质之间（r2 = 0.682）、锌和镁之间（r2 = 0.807）以及锌和蛋白质之间（r2 = 0.884）存在显著正相关。对于大使品种，TCT与SSC（r2 = 0.131）、叶绿素b（r2 = 0.128）和总叶绿素（r2 = 0.109）之间存在显著（所有p < 0.05）正相关。本研究提供了关于硒/锌生物强化豌豆的新营养数据，这对于改善豌豆植株的农艺生物强化具有重要意义。
