Picchi Valentina, Calzone Antonella, Gobbi Serena, Paccani Sara, Lo Scalzo Roberto, Marti Alessandra, Faoro Franco
CREA Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, via G. Venezian 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 3;11(15):2021. doi: 10.3390/plants11152021.
In our previous work, durum wheat cv. Fabulis was grown over two consecutive seasons (2016-2017 and 2017-2018) in an experimental field in the north of Italy. With the aim of mitigating oxidative stress, plants were subjected to four treatments (deionized water, CHT 0.05 mg/mL, CHT-NPs, and CHT-NPs-NAC) three times during the experiment. Chitosan nanoparticles (CHT-NPs) reduced symptom severity on wheat leaves and positively influenced the final grain yield. The present work aimed at investigating whether CHT treatments and particularly N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)-loaded or -unloaded CHT-NPs, while triggering plant defense mechanisms, might also vary the nutritional and technological quality of grains. For this purpose, the grains harvested from the previous experiment were analyzed for their content in phytochemicals and for their technological properties. The results showed that CHT increased the polyphenol and tocopherol content and the reducing capacity of bran and semolina, even if the positive effect of the nano-formulation remained still unclear and slightly varied between the two years of cultivation. The positive effect against oxidative stress induced by the chitosan treatments was more evident in the preservation of both the starch pasting properties and gluten aggregation capacity, indicating that the overall technological quality of semolina was maintained. Our data confirm the role of chitosan as an elicitor of the antioxidant defense system in wheat also at the grain level.
在我们之前的工作中，硬粒小麦品种法布利斯在意大利北部的一个试验田连续种植了两个季节（2016 - 2017年和2017 - 2018年）。为了减轻氧化应激，在实验过程中对植株进行了四次处理（去离子水、0.05 mg/mL的壳聚糖、壳聚糖纳米颗粒以及负载N - 乙酰半胱氨酸的壳聚糖纳米颗粒）。壳聚糖纳米颗粒降低了小麦叶片的症状严重程度，并对最终的谷物产量产生了积极影响。目前的工作旨在研究壳聚糖处理，特别是负载或未负载N - 乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）的壳聚糖纳米颗粒，在触发植物防御机制的同时，是否也会改变谷物的营养和工艺品质。为此，对从上一个实验收获的谷物进行了植物化学物质含量和工艺特性分析。结果表明，壳聚糖增加了麸皮和粗粒粉中的多酚和生育酚含量以及还原能力，尽管纳米制剂的积极作用仍不明确，且在两年的种植中略有不同。壳聚糖处理对氧化应激的积极作用在淀粉糊化特性和面筋聚集能力的保存方面更为明显，这表明粗粒粉的整体工艺品质得以维持。我们的数据证实了壳聚糖在谷物水平上作为小麦抗氧化防御系统诱导剂的作用。
