Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 May 15;284:119189. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119189. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
Chitosan being non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable gained considerable interest among agriculturists. Our research review discusses about the role of Cs, chitosan nanoparticles (CsNPs), and modified chitosan biomaterials (CsBMs) under salt stress to improve growth parameters such as plant height, weight, stem width, fruit yield, pigments such as chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents, as well as antioxidant and non-antioxidative enzymes. Upon Cs treatment and salt stress, total aminoacids (TAA), glutamic acids, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were increased. Furthermore, Cs activated SOS1 pathway and increased various gene transcripts involved in sodium compartmentalization, proton motive force, energy production, and phenol metabolism. On the other hand, CsNPs and modified CsBMs treated plants under salinity stress increased indole terpene alkaloid metabolism, defense related genes, decreased ROS production by enhancing JA signaling, increased essential oil, anthocyanins, membrane stability, alkaloids, and diterpene glycosides. This is the first review that specifically brings insights about the physiological and biochemical parameters of the plants by comparing Cs/CsNPs/modified CsBMs treatment options under salt stress and encourages the use of CsNPs and modified CsBMs compared to Cs for better plant function under salinity stress.
壳聚糖由于其无毒、生物相容和可生物降解的特性，在农业学家中引起了相当大的兴趣。我们的研究综述讨论了 Cs、壳聚糖纳米颗粒 (CsNPs) 和改性壳聚糖生物材料 (CsBMs) 在盐胁迫下的作用，以改善生长参数，如株高、重量、茎宽、果实产量、色素（如叶绿素 a、b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量）以及抗氧化和非抗氧化酶。在 Cs 处理和盐胁迫下，总氨基酸 (TAA)、谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸 (GABA) 的含量增加。此外，Cs 激活了 SOS1 途径，并增加了与钠离子区隔化、质子动力势、能量产生和酚类代谢相关的各种基因转录本。另一方面，在盐胁迫下，用 CsNPs 和改性 CsBMs 处理的植物增加了吲哚萜类生物碱代谢、防御相关基因，通过增强 JA 信号降低 ROS 产生，增加必需油、花色苷、膜稳定性、生物碱和二萜糖苷。这是第一篇专门通过比较 Cs/CsNPs/改性 CsBMs 处理方案在盐胁迫下对植物的生理和生化参数进行综述的文章，并鼓励使用 CsNPs 和改性 CsBMs 来代替 Cs，以在盐胁迫下更好地发挥植物功能。
