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麻（ L.）副产物蛋白分离物的生化特性及体外消化率研究及其在鲑鱼饲料中的应用。

Biochemical Characterization and In Vitro Digestibility of Protein Isolates from Hemp ( L.) By-Products for Salmonid Feed Applications.

机构信息

Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada.

出版信息

Molecules. 2022 Jul 27;27(15):4794. doi: 10.3390/molecules27154794.

DOI:10.3390/molecules27154794
PMID:35956747
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9369619/
Abstract

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) processing by-products (hemp cake and hemp seed hulls) were studied for their protein content, extraction of protein isolates (PIs), and their in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD). Crude protein contents of hemp cake and hemp seed hulls were 30.4% and 8.6%, respectively, calculated based on generalized N-to-P conversion factor (N × 5.37). Extraction efficiency of PIs from defatted biomass ranged from 56.0 to 67.7% with alkaline extraction (0.1 M NaOH) followed by isoelectric precipitation (1.0 M HCl). Nitrogen analysis suggested that the total protein contents of PIs extracted using three different alkaline conditions (0.5 M, 0.1 M, and pH 10.0 with NaOH) were >69.7%. The hemp by-product PIs contained all essential amino acids (EAAs) required for fish with leucine, valine, and phenylalanine belonging to the five dominant amino acids. Overall, glutamate was the dominant non-EAA followed by aspartate. Coomassie staining of an SDS-PAGE gel revealed strong presence of the storage protein edestin. High IVPD of >88% was observed for PIs extracted from hemp seeds and by-products when evaluated using a two-phase in vitro gastric/pancreatic protein digestibility assay. PIs extracted from by-products were further tested for their antioxidant activities. The tested PIs showed dose-dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity and possessed strong ORAC values > 650 μM TE/g.

摘要

麻（Cannabis sativa L.）加工副产物（麻饼和麻籽壳）的蛋白质含量、蛋白质分离物（PIs）的提取及其体外蛋白质消化率（IVPD）进行了研究。基于广义 N 到 P 的转换因子（N × 5.37），麻饼和麻籽壳的粗蛋白含量分别为 30.4%和 8.6%。用碱性提取（0.1 M NaOH）后等电沉淀（1.0 M HCl）从脱脂生物量中提取 PIs 的提取效率为 56.0%至 67.7%。氮分析表明，用三种不同碱性条件（0.5 M、0.1 M 和 pH 10.0 的 NaOH）提取的 PIs 的总蛋白含量>69.7%。麻副产品 PIs 含有鱼类所需的所有必需氨基酸（EAA），其中亮氨酸、缬氨酸和苯丙氨酸属于 5 种主要氨基酸。总的来说，谷氨酸是主要的非必需氨基酸，其次是天冬氨酸。SDS-PAGE 凝胶考马斯亮蓝染色显示出贮藏蛋白胚乳蛋白的强烈存在。用两相体外胃/胰蛋白酶消化率测定法评价时，从麻籽和副产物中提取的 PIs 的 IVPD 均>88%。进一步测试了从副产物中提取的 PIs 的抗氧化活性。测试的 PIs 显示出剂量依赖性 DPPH 自由基清除活性，且具有>650 μM TE/g 的强 ORAC 值。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/2665ff6b7f09/molecules-27-04794-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/6f6e3f1cc22e/molecules-27-04794-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/70973c4b4d41/molecules-27-04794-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/67a3bfc71549/molecules-27-04794-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/a04e5b79c341/molecules-27-04794-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/c2d7a3dfe2ff/molecules-27-04794-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/2665ff6b7f09/molecules-27-04794-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/6f6e3f1cc22e/molecules-27-04794-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/70973c4b4d41/molecules-27-04794-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/67a3bfc71549/molecules-27-04794-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/a04e5b79c341/molecules-27-04794-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/c2d7a3dfe2ff/molecules-27-04794-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ede1/9369619/2665ff6b7f09/molecules-27-04794-g006.jpg

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