Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Human Care at Makuhari, Tohto University, Chiba 261-0021, Japan.
Department of Informatics and Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Toba College, Toba 517-8501, Japan.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 6;22(15):5884. doi: 10.3390/s22155884.
Crew fatigue from standing posture motion, caused by ship motion, can lead to marine accidents. Therefore, the mechanism of fatigue in crew members ought to be elucidated. The standing posture of humans is maintained by postural state detection through the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems. Humans can adjust their posture through corrective postural reactions (CPR) generated after anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) by using information from these sensory systems. APAs refer to skills acquired by learning from past motions and perturbations and are prepared by the central nervous system based on visual information before the actual perturbation occurs. We hypothesized that APAs would decrease fatigue in crew members by stabilizing their standing posture motions. We aimed to clarify the human standing posture control influenced by APAs based on visual information. To this end, we presented wave images with different wave directions to the participants using a visual simulator and analyzed their standing posture motion. We found that the participants stabilized their standing posture based on the projected wave directions. This showed that the participants predicted ship motion from the wave images and controlled their center of pressure (COP) through APAs. Individual differences in standing postural motion may indicate the subjective variation of APAs based on individual experiences. This study was limited to males aged 20-23 years. To generalize this study, randomized controlled trials should be performed with participants of multiple age groups, including men and women.
船员因船舶运动导致的站立姿势动作疲劳可能会导致海上事故。因此，应当阐明船员疲劳的机制。人类的站立姿势通过视觉、前庭和躯体感觉系统的姿势状态检测来维持。人类可以通过使用这些感觉系统的信息来产生预期姿势调整（APAs）后的校正姿势反应（CPR）来调整姿势。APAs 是指通过从过去的运动和扰动中学习获得的技能，并在实际扰动发生之前由中枢神经系统基于视觉信息进行准备。我们假设 APAs 通过稳定船员的站立姿势动作来减轻他们的疲劳。我们旨在基于视觉信息阐明受 APAs 影响的人类站立姿势控制。为此，我们使用视觉模拟器向参与者呈现具有不同波向的波图像，并分析他们的站立姿势动作。我们发现参与者根据投射的波向稳定了他们的站立姿势。这表明参与者根据波图像预测船舶运动，并通过 APAs 控制他们的重心（COP）。站立姿势运动的个体差异可能表明基于个体经验的 APAs 的主观变化。本研究仅限于 20-23 岁的男性。为了推广这项研究，应该在包括男性和女性在内的多个年龄组的参与者中进行随机对照试验。
