Strojewski Dominik, Krupa Anna
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
Polim Med. 2022 Jul-Dec;52(2):101-111. doi: 10.17219/pim/152230.
In this review, benefits and drawbacks of the process of spray drying and nano spray drying with regard to the manufacturing of polymeric particles for pharmaceutical applications are discussed. Spray drying has been used for many years in the food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries for converting liquids into solids, in order to form products of uniform appearance. The construction of spray dryer enables to atomize the liquid into small droplets, which ensures a large surface area for heat and mass transfer, and significantly shortens the processing. Each droplet dries to an individual solid microparticle of characteristic features that can be tailored by optimizing formulation variables and critical process parameters. Since spray drying technology is easy to scale up and can be used for drying almost any drug in a solution or suspension, there are numerous examples of products in clinical use, in which this process has been successfully applied to improve drug stability, enhance bioavailability or control its release rate. In recent years, nano spray drying technology has been proposed as a method for lab-scale manufacturing of nanoparticles. Such an approach is of particular interest at early stages of drug development, when a small amount of new chemical entities is available. Here, the nebulization technique is used for feed atomization, while laminar gas flow in the drying chamber ensures gentle drying conditions. Moreover, electrostatic collectors have gradually replaced cyclone separators, ensuring high effectiveness in producing solid nanoparticles, even if a small volume of the sample is processed.
在本综述中，讨论了喷雾干燥和纳米喷雾干燥工艺在制备用于药物应用的聚合物颗粒方面的优缺点。喷雾干燥在食品、化工和制药行业中已使用多年，用于将液体转化为固体，以形成外观均匀的产品。喷雾干燥器的构造能够将液体雾化成小液滴，这确保了传热和传质的大表面积，并显著缩短了加工时间。每个液滴干燥成具有特征的单个固体微粒，可通过优化配方变量和关键工艺参数进行定制。由于喷雾干燥技术易于放大规模，并且可用于干燥溶液或悬浮液中的几乎任何药物，因此有许多临床使用的产品实例，其中该工艺已成功应用于提高药物稳定性、增强生物利用度或控制其释放速率。近年来，纳米喷雾干燥技术已被提议作为一种实验室规模制备纳米颗粒的方法。在药物开发的早期阶段，当只有少量新化学实体可用时，这种方法特别受关注。在这里，雾化技术用于进料雾化，而干燥室内的层流气流确保了温和的干燥条件。此外，静电收集器已逐渐取代旋风分离器，即使处理少量样品，也能确保在生产固体纳米颗粒方面具有高效性。
