Roch I Carceller Carles, Flatt Kieran, Lee Hanwool, Bae Joonwoo, Brask Jonatan Bohr
Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
Phys Rev Lett. 2022 Jul 29;129(5):050501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.050501.
We compare the power of quantum and classical physics in terms of randomness certification from devices which are only partially characterized. We study randomness certification based on state discrimination and take noncontextuality as the notion of classicality. A contextual advantage was recently shown to exist for state discrimination. Here, we develop quantum and noncontextual semi-device independent protocols for random-number generation based on maximum-confidence discrimination, which generalizes unambiguous and minimum-error state discrimination. We show that, for quantum eavesdroppers, quantum devices can certify more randomness than noncontextual ones whenever none of the input states are unambiguously identified. That is, a quantum-over-classical advantage exists.
我们从仅部分特征化的设备的随机性认证角度比较量子物理和经典物理的能力。我们研究基于态判别并将非语境性作为经典性概念的随机性认证。最近已证明在态判别方面存在语境优势。在此，我们基于最大置信度判别开发用于随机数生成的量子和非语境半设备无关协议，该判别推广了无歧义和最小错误态判别。我们表明，对于量子窃听者，只要没有输入态能被明确识别，量子设备就能比非语境设备认证更多的随机性。也就是说，存在量子优于经典的优势。
