Ge Fenfen, Wan Mengtong, Zheng Anni, Zhang Jun
Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Wuyuzhang Honors College, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Precis Clin Med. 2020 Jun 23;3(3):161-168. doi: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa023. eCollection 2020 Sep.
The fear of insecurity and uncertainty caused by the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the separation and loss of certain important relationships, and great changes in lifestyle have awakened strong emotional responses, which may cause psychological problems in the general population. However, there is little research on how people who pay attention to anxiety and depression cope with the negative psychological impact during an epidemic or major disaster. This study aimed to identify what behaviors can effectively reduce negative emotions during an epidemic.
From 1 February to 8 March 2020, we conducted a web-based survey and collected information on general demographic data. Probable depression, anxiety symptoms, and coping behaviors were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and self-made coping behaviors questionnaires.
Among 17 249 responders, 7923 and 9326 completed assessments of depression and anxiety respectively, and all responders completed the coping behaviors questionnaires. Our survey population showed a high prevalence rate of possible depression disorders (2746 of 7923, 34.66%) and anxiety disorders (5309 of 9326, 56.93%). Compared with other groups, the elderly, women, people of lower education, and people with lower income were more likely to suffer depression and/or anxiety. In terms of marital status, the cohabiting group showed the highest rate of depression and/or anxiety. Among the careers, students and housewives were high-risk groups suffering from depression and/or anxiety. After adjusting for social-demographic factors (e.g. age, sex), depression and anxiety were positively associated with self-injury, doing housework, and having sex or masturbating, and negatively associated with singing, drawing, or writing, dating friends online, singing, attending lectures, and doing yoga.
Our findings identified some spontaneous coping behaviors that can probably relieve the psychological impact of vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 epidemic.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）引发的对不安全感和不确定性的恐惧、某些重要人际关系的分离和丧失以及生活方式的巨大改变引发了强烈的情绪反应，这可能在普通人群中导致心理问题。然而，对于关注焦虑和抑郁的人群在疫情或重大灾难期间如何应对负面心理影响的研究很少。本研究旨在确定在疫情期间哪些行为可以有效减少负面情绪。
2020年2月1日至3月8日，我们进行了一项基于网络的调查，并收集了一般人口统计学数据。使用患者健康问卷-9、广泛性焦虑障碍-7和自制的应对行为问卷评估可能的抑郁、焦虑症状和应对行为。
在17249名受访者中，分别有7923名和9326名完成了抑郁和焦虑评估，所有受访者均完成了应对行为问卷。我们的调查人群显示，可能的抑郁症（7923人中的2746人，34.66%）和焦虑症（9326人中的5309人，56.93%）患病率较高。与其他群体相比，老年人、女性、低学历人群和低收入人群更容易患抑郁症和/或焦虑症。在婚姻状况方面，同居组的抑郁和/或焦虑率最高。在职业中，学生和家庭主妇是患抑郁症和/或焦虑症的高危群体。在调整社会人口学因素（如年龄、性别）后，抑郁和焦虑与自我伤害、做家务、性行为或自慰呈正相关，与唱歌、画画或写作、在线与朋友约会、唱歌、参加讲座和做瑜伽呈负相关。
我们的研究结果确定了一些自发的应对行为，这些行为可能减轻COVID-19疫情期间弱势群体的心理影响。
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