Hornemann Donatha, Marquardt Claudia, Sugg Joachim, Haack Christiane, Rameil Petra, Fülöpp Zsolt, Buss Judith, Weigel Anette, Schmidt-Wilcke Tobias, Summ Oliver, Groß Martin
Sankt Rochus Klinken Bad Schönborn.
Klinikum Christophsbad Göppingen.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2023 Jan;91(1-02):45-51. doi: 10.1055/a-1877-4832. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
In Germany, nurses, physiotherapists and speech and language therapists follow a qualifying training for about 1,5 years to become respiratory therapists (RTs). With respect to neurological illness, RTs diagnose and treat disorders of respiration, cough and swallowing as well as a retention of tracheobronchial secretions. There is an increasing demand for RTs in neurology, in neurointensive care and in neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation. The certification of specialized centers for weaning in neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation was introduced by the German Society for Neurorehabilitation (DGNR) in 2021. As a certification criterion it includes the employment of a respiratory therapists. In neurological organizations treating critically and severely ill patients, RTs work at an important interdisciplinary intersection of physicians, nurses and therapists. RTs are qualified to train teams, patients and family caregivers and to establish care structures for critically and severely ill neurological patients. Due to the complexity of neurological illnesses RTs working in neurological institutions need specific qualification. Specific training for RTs in neurology and neurorehabilitation might improve care for critically and severely ill neurological patients. Further professionalization of RT in Germany requires standardizing curricula, a professional society for RTs and, finally, academization.
在德国,护士、物理治疗师以及言语和语言治疗师需要接受约1.5年的资格培训,才能成为呼吸治疗师(RTs)。对于神经系统疾病,呼吸治疗师诊断和治疗呼吸、咳嗽和吞咽障碍以及气管支气管分泌物潴留。神经病学、神经重症监护以及神经和神经外科早期康复领域对呼吸治疗师的需求日益增加。德国神经康复协会(DGNR)于2021年引入了神经和神经外科早期康复脱机专业中心认证。作为一项认证标准,其中包括配备一名呼吸治疗师。在治疗重症和危重症患者的神经组织中,呼吸治疗师在医生、护士和治疗师的重要跨学科交叉点开展工作。呼吸治疗师有资格培训团队、患者及其家庭护理人员,并为重症和危重症神经科患者建立护理结构。由于神经系统疾病的复杂性,在神经机构工作的呼吸治疗师需要具备特定资格。针对神经病学和神经康复领域呼吸治疗师的特定培训可能会改善对重症和危重症神经科患者的护理。德国呼吸治疗师的进一步专业化需要规范课程设置、成立呼吸治疗师专业协会,最终实现学术化。