BOGOMOLETS NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, KYIV, UKRAINE.
POLTAVA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, POLTAVA, UKRAINE.
Wiad Lek. 2022;75(7):1713-1717. doi: 10.36740/WLek202207119.
The aim: The purpose of research was to evaluate the efficiency of micronucleus test in buccal cells for the diagnosis of oral leukoplakia.
Materials and methods: We have conducted a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of 155 patients with oral leukoplakia. It was conducted histological examination leukoplakia mucosal sites, to assess the buccal epithelium cell micronucleus test was carried out.
Results: Histological evaluation of the material was made according to the classification of leukoplakia WHO (2005). They are established 10 (14%) sites unmodified mucosa, 10 (14%) of the samples hyperkeratosis without atypia, 14 (19%) biopsies hyperkeratosis SIN1, 15 (21%) of hyperkeratosis SIN2, 10 (14%) -- SIN3 and 13 (18 %) of the cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Micronuclei, whose appearance is caused by violation of differentiation of epithelial cells, were found in patients with leukoplakia, the detection of micronuclei almost equally high as in patients with leukoplakia SIN2, and with SIN3 (a difference of 1.3 times (p <0,05, rxy = + 0.271)), and consequently the probability of occurrence of tumoral diseases of the oral mucosa or malignancy existing large.
Conclusions: Thus, on the background of the general increase in proliferative activity of epithelial cells with increasing SIN, for each treatment group revealed the appearance of micronuclei in buccal cells. And the frequency of micronuclei and the fourth type of increases with hyperplasia, indicating an increase in the likelihood of malignancy and cancer of the oral mucosa in patients with leukoplakia SIN3.
研究目的在于评估口腔白斑患者口腔脱落细胞微核试验的诊断效率。
我们对 155 例口腔白斑患者进行了全面的临床和实验室检查。对口腔白斑黏膜部位进行组织学检查，同时进行口腔脱落细胞微核试验。
根据 2005 年世界卫生组织（WHO）对口腔白斑的分类进行了组织学评估。共发现 10 例（14%）无黏膜改变，10 例（14%）为单纯性过度角化，14 例（19%）为轻度不典型增生，15 例（21%）为中度不典型增生，10 例（14%）为重度不典型增生，13 例（18%）为鳞状细胞癌。在口腔白斑患者中发现了微核，其出现是由于上皮细胞分化受到破坏。微核的检测在口腔白斑患者中几乎与 SIN2 患者一样高，与 SIN3 患者也相当（差异为 1.3 倍（p <0.05，rxy = + 0.271）），因此口腔黏膜肿瘤性疾病或恶性肿瘤存在的可能性较大。
因此，在上皮细胞增殖活性普遍增加的背景下，随着 SIN 的增加，每个治疗组都显示出口腔脱落细胞中微核的出现。微核的频率和第四种类型的增加与增生相关，表明口腔白斑 SIN3 患者恶性和口腔癌的可能性增加。
