Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK.
Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK; National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK.
Appetite. 2022 Nov 1;178:106273. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106273. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
Originating from studies on rats, the 'taste confusion' hypothesis predicts that exposure to low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) will impair compensatory responses to sugar intake, resulting in increased overall calorie intake. We conducted a virtual study in which young adult human participants (n = 332), who differed in their history of exposure to sweet drinks (e.g., drank 'diet' (LCS) soft drinks or 'regular' (sugar-sweetened) soft drinks), imagined consuming a cheese sandwich and two-thirds of a 500 ml drink (still water, sparkling water, diet Coca Cola, regular Coca Cola, or semi-skimmed milk), or no drink, as a hypothetical lunch-time meal. They then used a screen-based tool to select the amount of a sweet snack (chocolate M&M's) or savoury snack (salted peanuts) that they would eat immediately with the remaining third of their drink (i.e., a total of 12 drink and snack combinations per participant). The results were inconsistent with the predictions of the taste confusion hypothesis; specifically, the extent to which consumption of sugar cola compared with water (still or sparkling) reduced snack intake did not differ between habitual diet (LCS) and habitual sugar soft-drink consumers. Other results showed a 'sweet satiation' effect (i.e., lower sweet versus savoury snack intake when the drink accompanying the meal was sweet compared with when it was water), and negligible compensation in snack food intake for the difference in the energy content of diet versus sugar cola.
起源于对老鼠的研究，“味觉混淆”假说预测，接触低卡路里甜味剂（LCS）会损害对糖摄入量的补偿反应，从而导致总卡路里摄入量增加。我们进行了一项虚拟研究，其中年轻的成年人类参与者（n=332），他们在饮用甜饮料（例如，饮用“低糖”（LCS）软饮料或“常规”（含糖）软饮料）方面存在差异，想象自己在午餐时间吃了一个奶酪三明治和三分之二的 500 毫升饮料（白开水、苏打水、低糖可口可乐、常规可口可乐或半脱脂牛奶），或者不喝任何东西。然后，他们使用基于屏幕的工具选择他们要立即与剩余三分之一饮料一起食用的甜零食（巧克力 M&M's）或咸零食（咸花生）的数量（即每个参与者共有 12 种饮料和零食组合）。结果与味觉混淆假说的预测不一致；具体而言，与水（白开水或苏打水）相比，饮用含糖可乐减少零食摄入量的程度在习惯性饮用低糖（LCS）和习惯性饮用含糖软饮料的消费者之间没有差异。其他结果显示出“甜味饱和”效应（即，当与餐食一起饮用的饮料是甜的时，摄入的甜食与咸味零食的量会减少），而且对于低糖与含糖可乐之间的能量差异，在零食摄入量上几乎没有补偿。
