Szentmihályi Klára, Klébert Szilvia, Somogyi Anikó
1 Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Anyag- és Környezetkémiai Intézet Budapest, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., 1117 Magyarország.
2 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Belgyógyászati és Hematológiai Klinika Budapest Magyarország.
Orv Hetil. 2022 Aug 14;163(33):1303-1310. doi: 10.1556/650.2022.32550.
Ionic or complex compounds of certain trace elements are essential for the proper functioning of the human body in numerous biochemical processes. Their absence or accumulation causes many health problems and diseases. In the past, trace elements have been thought to be a key factor in the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes, however, the importance and lack of trace elements in the development of diabetes or the assessment of trace element status in the development and treatment of complications are still controversial. Therefore, the authors summarize the role of trace elements in the development, pathogenesis, and progression of diabetes. They briefly report on the most important known processes of zinc(II), manganese(II, III), copper(I, II), chromium(III), iron(II, III), cobalt(II), vanadium(III, IV, V), molybdenum(IV, VI), iodine(I), selenium(II, IV, VI), and lithium(I) in the human body and the biochemical changes associated with diabetes. Differences in trace element status in diabetes, their relationship to free radicals, and the antioxidant defense system are detailed. Some risk factors that lead to more severe micronutrient deficiencies and complications are also discussed.
某些微量元素的离子化合物或络合物对于人体在众多生化过程中的正常运作至关重要。它们的缺乏或积累会引发许多健康问题和疾病。过去，微量元素被认为是治疗胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病的关键因素，然而，在糖尿病发生过程中微量元素的重要性以及缺乏情况，或者在并发症发生和治疗过程中微量元素状态的评估，仍然存在争议。因此，作者总结了微量元素在糖尿病发生、发病机制和进展中的作用。他们简要报告了锌（II）、锰（II，III）、铜（I，II）、铬（III）、铁（II，III）、钴（II）、钒（III，IV，V）、钼（IV，VI）、碘（I）、硒（II，IV，VI）和锂（I）在人体中最重要的已知过程以及与糖尿病相关的生化变化。详细阐述了糖尿病患者微量元素状态的差异、它们与自由基的关系以及抗氧化防御系统。还讨论了一些导致更严重的微量营养素缺乏和并发症的风险因素。
