School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
Autoimmun Rev. 2022 Nov;21(11):103169. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103169. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
With advancement in human microbiome research, an increasing number of scientific evidences have endorsed the key role of both gut and skin microbiota in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Microbiome dysbiosis, characterized by altered diversity and composition, as well as rise of pathobionts, have been identified as possible triggers for recurrent episodes of psoriasis. Mechanistically, gut dysbiosis leads to "leaky gut syndrome" via disruption of epithelial bilayer, thereby, resulting in translocation of bacteria and other endotoxins to systemic circulation, which in turn, results in inflammatory response. Similarly, skin dysbiosis disrupts the cutaneous homeostasis, leading to invasion of bacteria and other pathogens to deeper layers of skin or even systemic circulation further enhanced by injury caused by pruritus-induced scratching, and elicit innate and adaptive inflammation. The present review explores the correlation of both skin and gut microbiota dysbiosis with psoriasis. Also, the studies highlighting the potential of bacteriotherapeutic approaches including probiotics, prebiotics, metabiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation for the management of psoriasis have been discussed.
随着人类微生物组研究的进展，越来越多的科学证据证实了肠道和皮肤微生物组在银屑病发病机制中的关键作用。微生物组失调，表现为多样性和组成改变，以及病原菌增多，被认为是银屑病反复发作的可能诱因。从机制上讲，肠道菌群失调通过破坏上皮双层导致“肠漏综合征”，从而导致细菌和其他内毒素向全身循环转移，进而导致炎症反应。同样，皮肤菌群失调破坏了皮肤的稳态，导致细菌和其他病原体侵入皮肤更深层，甚至全身循环，搔抓引起的瘙痒引起的损伤进一步增强，引发先天和适应性炎症。本综述探讨了皮肤和肠道微生物组失调与银屑病的相关性。此外，还讨论了强调包括益生菌、益生元、后生元和粪便微生物移植在内的细菌治疗方法在银屑病治疗中的潜力的研究。
