Department of Psychology and Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
Department of Psychology and Center for Cognitive Interaction Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2022;187:339-357. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823493-8.00029-8.
Working memory (WM) refers to the ability to maintain and actively process information-either derived from perception or long-term memory (LTM)-for intelligent thought and action. This chapter focuses on the contributions of the temporal lobe, particularly medial temporal lobe (MTL) to WM. First, neuropsychological evidence for the involvement of MTL in WM maintenance is reviewed, arguing for a crucial role in the case of retaining complex relational bindings between memorized features. Next, MTL contributions at the level of neural mechanisms are covered-with a focus on WM encoding and maintenance, including interactions with ventral temporal cortex. Among WM use processes, we focus on active sampling of environmental information, a key input source to capacity-limited WM. MTL contributions to the bidirectional relationship between active sampling and memory are highlighted-WM control of active sampling and sampling as a way of selecting input to WM. Memory-based sampling studies relying on scene and object inspection, visual-based exploration behavior (e.g., vicarious behavior), and memory-guided visual search are reviewed. The conclusion is that MTL serves an important function in the selection of information from perception and transfer from LTM to capacity-limited WM.
工作记忆（WM）是指维持和主动处理信息的能力，这些信息可以来自感知或长期记忆（LTM），以进行智能思考和行动。本章重点介绍颞叶，特别是内侧颞叶（MTL）对 WM 的贡献。首先，回顾了神经心理学证据表明 MTL 参与 WM 维持，特别是在保留记忆特征之间复杂关系绑定的情况下。接下来，涵盖了神经机制层面的 MTL 贡献，重点是 WM 编码和维持，包括与腹侧颞叶的相互作用。在 WM 使用过程中，我们专注于对环境信息的主动采样，这是容量有限的 WM 的关键输入源。突出了 MTL 对主动采样和记忆之间双向关系的贡献——WM 对主动采样的控制以及采样作为选择 WM 输入的一种方式。回顾了基于场景和对象检查、基于视觉的探索行为（例如，代理行为）以及基于记忆的视觉搜索的基于记忆的采样研究。结论是，MTL 在从感知中选择信息以及将信息从 LTM 传输到容量有限的 WM 方面发挥着重要作用。
