Knapp S, VandeCreek L
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1987 Jun;38(6):648-51. doi: 10.1176/ps.38.6.648.
The grounds for liability in cases of involuntary civil commitment have been broadened in recent years. Psychiatrists and other mental health professionals have been found liable for infringement of civil rights under Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act and for failure to commit an individual who is subsequently involved in a tragedy. This article reviews recent developments in tort liability in involuntary civil commitment as well as the traditional areas of tort liability, including malpractice, malicious prosecution, false imprisonment, and abuse of process. The authors believe that even in this climate of expanded liability, mental health professionals who follow the letter and spirit of civil commitment laws will continue to enjoy the broad protections from liability afforded them in the past.
近年来，非自愿民事住院治疗案件中的责任依据有所拓宽。精神病医生和其他心理健康专业人员已被认定根据《民权法案》第1983条侵犯民权以及未对随后卷入悲剧事件的个人进行住院治疗而需承担责任。本文回顾了非自愿民事住院治疗中侵权责任的最新发展以及侵权责任的传统领域，包括医疗事故、恶意起诉、非法拘禁和滥用诉讼程序。作者认为，即使在这种责任扩大的环境下，遵循民事住院治疗法律条文和精神的心理健康专业人员仍将继续享有过去给予他们的广泛责任保护。
