Moshfeghi Mahkameh, Gandomi Shiva, Mansouri Hamid, Yadshoghi Negin
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Periodontics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Dent. 2021 Jun 4;18:20. doi: 10.18502/fid.v18i20.6327. eCollection 2021.
Lingual foramen (LF) is an important landmark of the mandible, which should be considered in presurgical assessment. The purpose of this study was to assess the anatomical variations of the LF using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The study was conducted on 200 CBCT scans of Iranian adults. The lingual foramina (LFs) were classified into two groups by their location in the mandible namely the medial LFs (MLFs) and the lateral LFs (LLFs). The frequency of both the MLFs and the LLFs and their distance from the inferior border of the mandible were evaluated. Additionally, the diameter of the MLFs and the location of the LLFs were assessed. Data were analyzed separately for males and females. All 200 participants had at least one LF. Totally, 257 LFs were detected on 200 CBCT scans, including 223 MLFs (86.6%) and 34 LLFs (13.3%). The LLF was detected in 23 patients (11.5%). The prevalence of the LLF was higher in males and in the second premolar region. The diameter of the MLFs was less than 1mm in 81% of the cases, and males had a larger MLF. There was a significant variability in the anatomy and location of the mandibular LF in Iranian adults. CBCT is recommended for preoperative imaging to determine the exact location and size of the LFs in the mandible to prevent possible surgical complications.
舌孔（LF）是下颌骨的一个重要标志，在术前评估中应予以考虑。本研究的目的是使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）评估舌孔的解剖变异。该研究对200例伊朗成年人的CBCT扫描图像进行。舌孔根据其在下颌骨中的位置分为两组，即内侧舌孔（MLF）和外侧舌孔（LLF）。评估了内侧舌孔和外侧舌孔的出现频率及其与下颌骨下缘的距离。此外，还评估了内侧舌孔的直径和外侧舌孔的位置。对男性和女性的数据分别进行分析。所有200名参与者均至少有一个舌孔。在200例CBCT扫描图像上共检测到257个舌孔，其中包括223个内侧舌孔（86.6%）和34个外侧舌孔（13.3%）。在23例患者（11.5%）中检测到外侧舌孔。外侧舌孔在男性和第二前磨牙区域的发生率更高。81%的内侧舌孔直径小于1mm，男性的内侧舌孔更大。伊朗成年人下颌舌孔的解剖结构和位置存在显著差异。建议在术前进行CBCT成像，以确定下颌骨中舌孔的确切位置和大小，防止可能出现的手术并发症。
