一项关于乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染知晓率及乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性孕妇母婴传播预防情况的横断面调查。
A cross-sectional survey on the rate of awareness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive pregnant women.
作者信息
Huang Zhaodi, Liu Ting, Qin Yanxiang, Chen Jianying, Ou Zhenghong, Min Xiaohui
机构信息
Emergency Department, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Infectious Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
出版信息
Ann Transl Med. 2022 Jul;10(14):773. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2748.
BACKGROUND
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) remains the main transmission route of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in China. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive pregnant women were the main participants in MTCT of HBV. Nevertheless, little was known about their knowledge and awareness of HBV infection and MTCT. We intended to evaluate their knowledge of HBV infection and MTCT prevention, and to clarify the emphasis of health education to improve the control of MTCT of HBV.
METHODS
We invited 164 HBsAg-positive pregnant women, who were aged ≥18 years old, had basic literacy skills and visited the Outpatient Clinic of Infectious Disease of the Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital from May 2019 to January 2020, to independently and anonymously complete a self-administered survey regarding their knowledge of HBV infection and MTCT prevention. The correct rate of the questions was calculated and analyzed. A multivariate regression was conducted to identify predictors of HBV and MTCT knowledge and awareness.
RESULTS
The average awareness rate of the 164 respondents was 52.56%, among which the awareness rates of basic knowledge and the transmission route of HBV were 80.49% and 53.29%, respectively. The awareness rates of knowledge about the interruption measures of MTCT during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum were 43.78%, 49.75%, and 31.25%, respectively. The respondents who had a college education level or above, were employed, and had visited the outpatient Department of Infectious Disease before pregnancy had a significantly higher awareness rate. Previous visits to the Department of Infectious Disease were the only influencing factor for the higher awareness rate (OR =3.108, P=0.049).
CONCLUSIONS
A lack of knowledge about the transmission route and interruption measures of MTCT of HBV is still common among HBsAg-positive pregnant women. Health education should be directed toward HBsAg-positive mothers to further improve the control of HBV infection.
背景
母婴传播（MTCT）仍是中国乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的主要传播途径。HBsAg阳性孕妇是HBV母婴传播的主要人群。然而，对于她们对HBV感染及母婴传播的知识和认知情况知之甚少。我们旨在评估她们对HBV感染及母婴传播预防的知识，并明确健康教育的重点以改善HBV母婴传播的控制情况。
方法
我们邀请了164名年龄≥18岁、具备基本识字能力且于2019年5月至2020年1月期间到中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院传染病门诊就诊的HBsAg阳性孕妇，让她们独立且匿名地完成一份关于HBV感染及母婴传播预防知识的自填式调查问卷。计算并分析问题的正确率。进行多因素回归分析以确定HBV及母婴传播知识和认知的预测因素。
结果
164名受访者的平均知晓率为52.56%，其中HBV基本知识知晓率和传播途径知晓率分别为80.49%和53.29%。关于孕期、分娩期及产后母婴传播阻断措施的知识知晓率分别为43.78%、49.75%和31.25%。具有大专及以上文化程度、有工作且孕前曾到传染病门诊就诊的受访者知晓率显著更高。既往到传染病门诊就诊是知晓率较高的唯一影响因素（OR =3.108，P=0.049）。
结论
HBsAg阳性孕妇中对HBV母婴传播途径及阻断措施缺乏了解的情况仍很常见。应针对HBsAg阳性母亲开展健康教育，以进一步改善HBV感染的控制情况。
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