Villarreal Rizzo Alan F, Downer Brian
John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Department of Nutrition, Metabolism & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2022 Aug 8;8:23337214221109823. doi: 10.1177/23337214221109823. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec.
Evidence for late-life alcohol consumption being associated with reduced dementia risk is largely based on cohort studies of predominately non-Hispanic white older adults. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between late-life alcohol consumption and dementia risk among Mexican-America adults aged 75 and older. This study was a retrospective analysis of waves 5 (2004/05) to 8 (2012/13) of the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly. The final sample included 1,255 participants. Late-life alcohol consumption status was classified as life-long abstainer, former drinker, and current drinker. Dementia was defined as a score of 18 points or lower on the Mini-Mental Status Examination or a proxy-reported diagnosis of dementia. 41.8% of participants were life-long abstainers, 42.0% were former drinkers, and 16.3% were current drinkers. Current alcohol consumers had significantly lower dementia risk compared to life-long abstainers (HR=0.63, 95% CI = 0.44-0.89). Dementia risk for former alcohol consumers compared to life-long abstainers was not statistically significant (HR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.67-1.09). Current alcohol consumption was associated with lower dementia risk for Mexican Americans aged 75 and older. Continued research is needed to identify pathways for the protective association between late life alcohol consumption and dementia risk.
晚年饮酒与降低痴呆风险相关的证据主要基于对以非西班牙裔白人老年人为主的队列研究。我们的目标是调查75岁及以上墨西哥裔美国成年人晚年饮酒与痴呆风险之间的关系。本研究是对西班牙裔老年人流行病学研究的第5波（2004/05年）至第8波（2012/13年）进行的回顾性分析。最终样本包括1255名参与者。晚年饮酒状况分为终身戒酒者、既往饮酒者和当前饮酒者。痴呆症的定义是简易精神状态检查表得分18分或更低，或经代理报告诊断为痴呆症。41.8%的参与者为终身戒酒者，42.0%为既往饮酒者，16.3%为当前饮酒者。与终身戒酒者相比，当前饮酒者患痴呆症的风险显著更低（风险比=0.63，95%置信区间=0.44-0.89）。既往饮酒者与终身戒酒者相比，患痴呆症的风险无统计学意义（风险比=0.85，95%置信区间=0.67-1.09）。对于75岁及以上的墨西哥裔美国人，当前饮酒与较低的痴呆风险相关。需要继续开展研究，以确定晚年饮酒与痴呆风险之间保护性关联的途径。
