Liu Jinghua, Zhu Changwei, Li Zhengpeng, Zhou Haoyuan
College of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Heze University, Heze, China.
College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 29;13:952597. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.952597. eCollection 2022.
Microalgae have emerged as promising biosorbents for the removal of toxic metals from industrial effluents due to the presence of various free functional groups. While the constitutes are distinct among different algal strains, it needs to screen the algae with high adsorption capacities for heavy metal ions by analyzing the algal components. In this study, a rapid and nondestructive Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) method combined PCA algorithm was used to discriminate algal strains according to their cellular components. With FTIR spectroscopy, we have found that the algal strains for high copper adsorption capacity (RH44, XS58, AH53, and RZ22) can be well differentiated from other strains assessing the components involved in the biosorption of copper ions at the spectral window range of 1,200-900 cm mainly attributed to polysaccharides. Correspondingly, the copper removal efficiency by different strains was also measured by biochemical assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to confirm the screening result. Compared with the chemical measurement, the assessment based on spectral features appears fairly good in the evaluation and differentiation of copper adsorption capacity in various strains. This study illustrates that FTIR spectroscopy may serve as a fast and effective tool to investigate the functional groups for copper ions binding in the cell and it even offers a useful and accurate new approach to rapidly assess potential adsorbents for the high capacity of copper adsorption.
由于存在各种游离官能团，微藻已成为从工业废水中去除有毒金属的有前途的生物吸附剂。虽然不同藻类菌株的组成各不相同，但需要通过分析藻类成分来筛选对重金属离子具有高吸附能力的藻类。在本研究中，采用快速无损傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）方法结合主成分分析（PCA）算法，根据藻类菌株的细胞成分对其进行鉴别。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱，我们发现，在1200 - 900 cm的光谱窗口范围内，主要归因于多糖的参与铜离子生物吸附的成分，可以很好地将对铜具有高吸附能力的藻类菌株（RH44、XS58、AH53和RZ22）与其他菌株区分开来。相应地，还通过生化分析和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）测量了不同菌株的铜去除效率，以确认筛选结果。与化学测量相比，基于光谱特征的评估在评估和区分各种菌株的铜吸附能力方面表现相当出色。本研究表明，傅里叶变换红外光谱可作为一种快速有效的工具，用于研究细胞中与铜离子结合的官能团，甚至为快速评估具有高铜吸附能力的潜在吸附剂提供了一种有用且准确的新方法。
