Fadiji Ayomide Emmanuel, Santoyo Gustavo, Yadav Ajar Nath, Babalola Olubukola Oluranti
Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa.
Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 29;13:962427. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.962427. eCollection 2022.
Globally, agriculture is under a lot of pressure due to rising population and corresponding increases in food demand. However, several variables, including improper mechanization, limited arable land, and the presence of several biotic and abiotic pressures, continually impact agricultural productivity. Drought is a notable destructive abiotic stress and may be the most serious challenge confronting sustainable agriculture, resulting in a significant crop output deficiency. Numerous morphological and physiological changes occur in plants as a result of drought stress. Hence, there is a need to create mitigation techniques since these changes might permanently harm the plant. Current methods used to reduce the effects of drought stress include the use of film farming, super-absorbent hydrogels, nanoparticles, biochar, and drought-resistant plant cultivars. However, most of these activities are money and labor-intensive, which offer limited plant improvement. The use of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) has proven to be a preferred method that offers several indirect and direct advantages in drought mitigation. PGPB are critical biological elements which have favorable impacts on plants' biochemical and physiological features, leading to improved sugar production, relative water content, leaf number, ascorbic acid levels, and photosynthetic pigment quantities. This present review revisited the impacts of PGPB in ameliorating the detrimental effects of drought stress on plants, explored the mechanism of action employed, as well as the major challenges encountered in their application for plant growth and development.
在全球范围内，由于人口增长以及相应的粮食需求增加，农业面临着巨大压力。然而，包括机械化不当、耕地有限以及多种生物和非生物压力的存在等多个变量，持续影响着农业生产力。干旱是一种显著的破坏性非生物胁迫，可能是可持续农业面临的最严峻挑战，导致作物产量大幅下降。干旱胁迫会使植物发生许多形态和生理变化。因此，有必要开发缓解技术，因为这些变化可能会对植物造成永久性损害。目前用于减轻干旱胁迫影响的方法包括使用膜下滴灌、高吸水性水凝胶、纳米颗粒、生物炭和抗旱植物品种。然而，这些活动大多成本高且劳动强度大，对植物改良的作用有限。事实证明，使用植物促生细菌（PGPB）是一种在减轻干旱方面具有多种间接和直接优势的首选方法。PGPB是关键的生物要素，对植物的生化和生理特性具有有利影响，可提高糖分产量、相对含水量、叶片数量、抗坏血酸水平和光合色素含量。本综述重新审视了PGPB在减轻干旱胁迫对植物的不利影响方面的作用，探讨了其作用机制，以及在应用于植物生长发育过程中遇到的主要挑战。
