Chen Yi-Chuan, Li Wen-Cheng, Ke Pin-Hsuan, Chen I-Chun, Yu Wei, Huang Hsiung-Ying, Xiong Xue-Jie, Chen Jau-Yuan
Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 28;9:940183. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.940183. eCollection 2022.
This study aimed to investigate the risk of vitamin D deficiency in a relatively healthy Asian population, with (i) metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) (homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] < 2. 5 without metabolic syndrome [MS], body mass index [BMI] < 25), (ii) metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) (HOMA-IR < 2.5, without MS, BMI ≥ 25), (iii) metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5, or with MS, BMI < 25), and (iv) metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5, or with MS, BMI ≥ 25) stratified by age and sex. This cross-sectional study involved 6,655 participants aged ≥ 18 years who underwent health checkups between 2013 and 2016 at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers including anthropometric variables, glycemic indices, lipid profiles, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, were retrospectively investigated. Compared to the MHNW group, the MHO group showed a higher odds ratio (OR) [1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.73] for vitamin D deficiency in men aged < 50 years. By contrast, in men aged > 50 years, the risk of vitamin D deficiency was higher in the MUO group (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.05-1.97). Among women aged < and ≥ 50 years, the MUO group demonstrated the highest risk for vitamin D deficiency, OR 2.33 vs. 1.54, respectively. Our study revealed that in women of all ages and men aged > 50 years, MUO is associated with vitamin D deficiency and elevated levels of metabolic biomarkers. Among men aged < 50 years, MHO had the highest OR for vitamin D deficiency.
本研究旨在调查相对健康的亚洲人群中维生素D缺乏的风险，该人群按年龄和性别分为以下四类：（i）代谢健康的正常体重者（MHNW）（稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗[HOMA-IR]<2.5，无代谢综合征[MS]，体重指数[BMI]<25），（ii）代谢健康的肥胖者（MHO）（HOMA-IR<2.5，无MS，BMI≥25），（iii）代谢不健康的正常体重者（MUNW）（HOMA-IR≥2.5，或有MS，BMI<25），以及（iv）代谢不健康的肥胖者（MUO）（HOMA-IR≥2.5，或有MS，BMI≥25）。这项横断面研究纳入了6655名年龄≥18岁的参与者，他们于2013年至2016年在长庚纪念医院接受了健康检查。对包括人体测量变量、血糖指数、血脂谱、高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）和血清25-羟维生素D水平在内的心脏代谢和炎症标志物进行了回顾性研究。与MHNW组相比，MHO组中年龄<50岁的男性维生素D缺乏的比值比（OR）更高[1.35，95%置信区间（CI）1.05-1.73]。相比之下，在年龄>50岁的男性中，MUO组维生素D缺乏的风险更高（OR 1.44，95%CI 1.05-1.97）。在年龄<50岁和≥50岁的女性中，MUO组维生素D缺乏的风险最高，OR分别为2.33和1.54。我们的研究表明，在所有年龄段的女性和年龄>50岁的男性中，MUO与维生素D缺乏以及代谢生物标志物水平升高有关。在年龄<50岁的男性中，MHO维生素D缺乏的OR最高。
