Cheng Shuyang, Wang Yizhou
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jul 27;13:923293. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.923293. eCollection 2022.
Auxin regulates plant growth and tropism responses. As a phytohormone, auxin is transported between its synthesis sites and action sites. Most natural auxin moves between cells a polar transport system that is mediated by PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin exporters. The asymmetrically localized PINs usually determine the directionality of intercellular auxin flow. Different internal cues and external stimuli modulate PIN polar distribution and activity at multiple levels, including transcription, protein stability, subcellular trafficking, and post-translational modification, and thereby regulate auxin-distribution-dependent development. Thus, the different regulation levels of PIN polarity constitute a complex network. For example, the post-translational modification of PINs can affect the subcellular trafficking of PINs. In this review, we focus on subcellular trafficking and post-translational modification of PINs to summarize recent progress in understanding PIN polarity.
生长素调节植物生长和向性反应。作为一种植物激素，生长素在其合成部位和作用部位之间运输。大多数天然生长素在细胞间移动，这是一个由PIN形成（PIN）生长素输出载体介导的极性运输系统。不对称定位的PIN通常决定细胞间生长素流动的方向。不同的内部信号和外部刺激在多个水平上调节PIN的极性分布和活性，包括转录、蛋白质稳定性、亚细胞运输和翻译后修饰，从而调节依赖于生长素分布的发育。因此，PIN极性的不同调节水平构成了一个复杂的网络。例如，PIN的翻译后修饰可以影响PIN的亚细胞运输。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于PIN的亚细胞运输和翻译后修饰，以总结在理解PIN极性方面的最新进展。
