Niu Erli, Gao Song, Yu Xiaomin, Soleimani Ali, Zhu Shenlong
Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jul 28;13:968499. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968499. eCollection 2022.
Olive ( L.) is an ancient tree species in the Mediterranean, but the lack of knowledge about aluminum-resistant varieties limits its introduction to acidic soil. The objective of this study was to have a comprehensive evaluation of the response to aluminum stress in olive tree at germplasm, metabolome, and transcriptome levels. In this experiment, seedlings of 97 olive germplasm with 1.0-3.0 cm roots and two leaves were treated with 50 μM Al (pH = 5.0). By factor analysis of the traits of defoliation rate, rooting rate, length of extended root, and length of new root, 97 germplasm were classified into five different groups according to their diverse responses to aluminum stress: 5 highly resistant (5.15%), 30 moderately resistant (30.93%), 31 general (31.96%), 23 moderately sensitive (23.71%), and 8 highly sensitive (8.25%) germplasm. The three most sensitive and three most resistant germplasm were further used for metabolome and transcriptome analysis. Exposed to aluminum stress, 96 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs)/4,845 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 66 DAMs/2,752 DEGs were identified in highly sensitive and resistant germplasm, respectively. Using multi-omics technology, the pathways and related DAMs/DEGs involved in cell wall/cytoplasm receptors, reactive oxygen species balance, hormone induction, synthesis of organic acids, Al transport, and synthesis of metabolites were identified to mainly regulate the response to aluminum stress in olive. This study provides a theoretical guide and prior germplasm and genes for further genetic improvement of aluminum tolerance in the olive tree.
油橄榄（Olea europaea L.）是地中海地区的一种古老树种，但由于缺乏对耐铝品种的了解，限制了其在酸性土壤中的引种。本研究的目的是在种质、代谢组和转录组水平上对油橄榄树对铝胁迫的响应进行全面评估。在本实验中，选取97份根系长度为1.0 - 3.0厘米且有两片叶子的油橄榄种质幼苗，用50 μM铝（pH = 5.0）进行处理。通过对落叶率、生根率、伸长根长度和新根长度等性状进行因子分析，根据97份种质对铝胁迫的不同反应将其分为五个不同的组：5份高抗（5.15%）、30份中抗（30.93%）、31份一般（31.96%）、23份中敏（23.71%）和8份高敏（8.25%）种质。进一步选取最敏感的3份和最抗性的3份种质进行代谢组和转录组分析。在高敏和抗性种质中，分别鉴定出96种差异积累代谢物（DAMs）/4845个差异表达基因（DEGs）和66种DAMs/2752个DEGs。利用多组学技术，确定了参与细胞壁/细胞质受体、活性氧平衡、激素诱导、有机酸合成、铝转运和代谢物合成的途径及相关DAMs/DEGs，这些主要调节油橄榄对铝胁迫的响应。本研究为油橄榄树耐铝性的进一步遗传改良提供了理论指导、优质种质和基因。
