Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea.
Accid Anal Prev. 2022 Oct;176:106800. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106800. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
Walking while distracted by a smartphone has been a major safety concern for pedestrians. Visual and cognitive attention paid to the smartphone while walking with the head tilted downward would affect the ability to perceive walkway hazards and elevate risks for pedestrian accidents associated with physical contact with obstacles. A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of detecting ground-level visual cues during texting while walking. Forty young smartphone users performed walking trials at faster, preferred, and slower speeds for the dual-task walking on a treadmill and detected approaching cues of three contrast levels. Detection distance was quantified from the location of cue detection to the participants to assess the effects of walking speed and cue contrast on detection performance. Results show that detection distance varied from 1.7 m to 2.9 m for Low to High contrast cues and from 2.3 m to 2.5 m for Slower to Faster walking speeds, and the effects of contrast and speed were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Study findings suggest that higher contrast fixtures or in-ground signals and slower walking would help smartphone users perceive walkway hazards and in-ground safety signals earlier during their distracted walking.
边走边看智能手机会分散行人的注意力，这是一个主要的安全隐患。在头朝下行走时，视觉和认知注意力都集中在智能手机上，这会影响到感知人行道障碍物的能力，并增加与障碍物发生身体接触相关的行人事故风险。进行了一项实验室实验，以评估在行走时发短信时对地面视觉提示的检测性能。40 名年轻的智能手机用户在跑步机上进行了双任务行走的行走试验，以较快、较偏好和较慢的速度进行，并检测了三种对比度水平的接近提示。检测距离是从提示检测到参与者的位置来量化的，以评估行走速度和提示对比度对检测性能的影响。结果表明，低对比度提示的检测距离为 1.7 米至 2.9 米，高对比度提示的检测距离为 2.3 米至 2.5 米，慢走速度的检测距离为 2.3 米至 2.5 米，而速度和对比度的影响具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。研究结果表明，较高对比度的固定装置或地下信号以及较慢的行走速度将有助于智能手机用户在分心行走时更早地感知到人行道障碍物和地下安全信号。
