International Biomed-X Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China.
Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
Cell Mol Immunol. 2022 Sep;19(9):971-992. doi: 10.1038/s41423-022-00905-x. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death mediated by gasdermin and is a product of continuous cell expansion until the cytomembrane ruptures, resulting in the release of cellular contents that can activate strong inflammatory and immune responses. Pyroptosis, an innate immune response, can be triggered by the activation of inflammasomes by various influencing factors. Activation of these inflammasomes can induce the maturation of caspase-1 or caspase-4/5/11, both of which cleave gasdermin D to release its N-terminal domain, which can bind membrane lipids and perforate the cell membrane. Here, we review the latest advancements in research on the mechanisms of pyroptosis, newly discovered influencing factors, antitumoral properties, and applications in various diseases. Moreover, this review also provides updates on potential targeted therapies for inflammation and cancers, methods for clinical prevention, and finally challenges and future directions in the field.
细胞焦亡是一种由gasdermin 介导的程序性细胞死亡方式，是细胞不断扩张直至细胞质膜破裂的产物，导致细胞内容物的释放，从而激活强烈的炎症和免疫反应。细胞焦亡作为一种先天免疫反应，可以被各种影响因素激活的炎性小体所触发。这些炎性小体的激活可以诱导 caspase-1 或 caspase-4/5/11 的成熟，这两者都可以切割 gasdermin D 释放其 N 端结构域，该结构域可以结合膜脂质并刺穿细胞膜。在这里，我们综述了细胞焦亡机制、新发现的影响因素、抗肿瘤特性以及在各种疾病中的应用等方面的最新研究进展。此外，本综述还提供了炎症和癌症的潜在靶向治疗方法、临床预防方法的更新，最后讨论了该领域面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。
