Burke J A, Naughton M J, Becker S L, Arbogast R, Lauer R M, Krohn M D
Health Educ Q. 1987 Summer;14(2):141-52. doi: 10.1177/109019818701400202.
This study evaluated whether interventions involving competition and rewards would enhance a school-based educational curriculum on tobacco use. Written pre- and post-tests were used to assess the relevant knowledge of 1068 seventh grade students in three comparable communities. The students' smoking beliefs, intentions, and behavior were assessed by questionnaires before and after the educational unit. Students in two communities participated in interventions designed to enhance knowledge acquisition, social activism, and non-use of tobacco; students in one community served as controls. Students in competitive and control communities did not differ prior to intervention. The interventions influenced respondents' concern about their health and the health of their family and friends and increased the likelihood that they would associate smoking with maturity and short-term bad effects, regardless of their pre-intervention smoking behavior. Experimenters' and regular smokers' knowledge about smoking and its consequences, and concern about the amount of substance use in their town were increased by the competitions. The competitions were also more likely to reduce their intentions to smoke. The interventions did not affect smoking behavior. Fortunately, competition losers and winners were not differentially affected by the interventions.
本研究评估了涉及竞争和奖励的干预措施是否会加强以学校为基础的烟草使用教育课程。使用书面的课前和课后测试来评估三个可比社区中1068名七年级学生的相关知识。在教育单元前后，通过问卷调查评估学生的吸烟信念、意图和行为。两个社区的学生参与了旨在加强知识获取、社会行动主义和不使用烟草的干预措施；一个社区的学生作为对照。竞争社区和对照社区的学生在干预前没有差异。这些干预措施影响了受访者对自身健康以及家人和朋友健康的关注，并增加了他们将吸烟与成熟和短期不良影响联系起来的可能性，无论他们干预前的吸烟行为如何。竞赛增加了实验者和经常吸烟者关于吸烟及其后果的知识，以及他们对所在城镇物质使用量的关注。竞赛也更有可能降低他们的吸烟意图。这些干预措施没有影响吸烟行为。幸运的是，竞赛的失败者和获胜者受到干预措施的影响没有差异。
