School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China.
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
ChemSusChem. 2022 Nov 8;15(21):e202201263. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202201263. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
The water-energy nexus is highly related to sustainable societal development. As one of the most abundant biowastes discharged into the environment, mild abatements and green conversions of urea wastewater have been widely investigated. Due to abundant sources, global distribution, and easy control, light-based catalytic strategies have become alternative on-site treatment approaches. After comprehensively surveying the recent progress, recent achievements of urea oxidation under light irradiation are reviewed herein. Several typical light-promoted systems employed in urea conversion, including photocatalysis, photo-electrocatalysis, photo-biocatalysis, and photocatalytic fuel cells, are meticulously introduced and discussed, from catalyst designs and medium conditions to established mechanisms. To realize the goal of sustainability, the chemical energy in urea-rich water could be utilized for the value-added production of hydrogen fuel and electricity. Finally, based on current developments, existing challenges are enumerated and developmental prospects in the future of light-driven urea conversion technologies are proposed.
水-能源纽带与可持续社会发展密切相关。作为排入环境中的最丰富的生物废物之一，温和减排和绿色转化尿素废水已得到广泛研究。由于丰富的来源、全球分布和易于控制，基于光的催化策略已成为替代现场处理方法。在全面调查了最新进展后，本文综述了光辐照下尿素氧化的最新成果。介绍和讨论了几种典型的光促进尿素转化系统，包括光催化、光电催化、光生物催化和光催化燃料电池，从催化剂设计和介质条件到已建立的机制。为了实现可持续性的目标，富尿素水中的化学能可用于附加值氢气燃料和电力的生产。最后，基于当前的发展，列举了现有的挑战，并提出了未来光驱动尿素转化技术的发展前景。
