Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2022 Nov;309:102793. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102793. Epub 2022 Oct 6.
Light-driven photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) systems are vital technologies being extensively explored for wastewater treatment and energy production. Although the photo(electro)catalytic applications in both the energy production and wastewater remediation function on the similar principle of photo-induced charge transfer, most preceding research has been focused on either the energy recovery or wastewater treatment as these two applications demand distinct reaction parameters and catalyst properties. The present review reveals the scientific progress in dual-functional PC and PEC processes that enable simultaneous energy recovery (e.g., H generation) with wastewater treatment (e.g., degradation of organic pollutants). The key concept in the dual-functional photo(electro)catalytic system is to use both the electron reduction power for recovering H from wastewater and hole oxidation power for degrading pollutants in wastewater simultaneously. Herein, a detailed and comprehensive overview of the advancement in various PC and PEC processes with dual-functional purpose is discussed, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of different systems and performance comparison based on diverse metrics tools. Although in its infancy, this dual-functional technology has gained scientific interest over the past few years; this is expected, as this approach can overcome multiple major environmental challenges, such as water scarcity, global warming, and pollution. The review should offer current limitations and prospects for developing next-generation solar-driven dual-functional techniques based on the water-energy nexus.
光驱动的光催化 (PC) 和光电催化 (PEC) 系统是正在广泛探索的用于废水处理和能源生产的重要技术。尽管在能源生产和废水修复方面的光（电）催化应用基于相似的光诱导电荷转移原理，但大多数先前的研究都集中在能源回收或废水处理上，因为这两种应用需要不同的反应参数和催化剂特性。本综述揭示了双功能 PC 和 PEC 过程的科学进展，这些过程能够同时进行能源回收（例如，H 生成）和废水处理（例如，有机污染物的降解）。双功能光（电）催化系统的关键概念是同时利用电子还原能力从废水中回收 H，并利用空穴氧化能力同时降解废水中的污染物。本文详细全面地讨论了具有双功能目的的各种 PC 和 PEC 工艺的进展，强调了不同系统的优缺点，并基于不同的指标工具进行了性能比较。尽管这种双功能技术还处于起步阶段，但在过去几年中已经引起了科学界的兴趣；这种方法有望克服多个主要的环境挑战，如水资源短缺、全球变暖和污染。本综述应针对基于水 - 能源关系的下一代太阳能驱动双功能技术的发展提供当前的局限性和展望。
