Chen David M, Taylor Andrew F S, Burke Ron M, Cairney John W G
Mycorrhiza Research Group, School of Science Food & Horticulture, University of Western Sydney, Parramatta Campus, Locked Bag 1797, PENRITH SOUTH DC, NSW 1797, Australia.
Department of Forest Mycology & Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
New Phytol. 2001 Oct;152(1):151-158. doi: 10.1046/j.0028-646x.2001.00232.x.
• Genes for ligninolytic enzymes, normally associated with white-rot fungi, are shown to be widespread in a broad taxonomic range of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. • ECM fungi were screened for lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) genes by PCR using primers specific for known isozymes in the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, with DNA sequencing used to confirm the identity of the amplified fragments. • Genes for LiPs were detected in ECM fungi representing the orders Agaricales, Aphyllophorales, Boletales, Cantharellales, Hymenochaetales, Sclerodermatales, Stereales and Thelephorales. MnP genes were detected in only Cortinarius rotundisporus and three ECM Stereales taxa. • The presence of genes for decomposer activities supports putative evolutionary relationships between ECM and saprotrophic fungi. Expression of the lignolytic genes may facilitate ECM fungal access to nutrients associated with dead plant material in soil and potentially a supplementary carbon supply. Strict functional boundaries between ECM and decomposer fungi may be less clear-cut than previously thought.
• 通常与白腐真菌相关的木质素分解酶基因在广泛的外生菌根（ECM）真菌分类范围内广泛存在。
• 使用针对白腐真菌黄孢原毛平革菌中已知同工酶的引物，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）对外生菌根真菌进行木质素过氧化物酶（LiP）和锰过氧化物酶（MnP）基因筛选，并通过DNA测序确认扩增片段的身份。
• 在代表伞菌目、非褶菌目、牛肝菌目、鸡油菌目、多孔菌目、硬皮马勃目、多孔菌目和革菌目的外生菌根真菌中检测到LiP基因。仅在圆孢丝膜菌和三个外生菌根多孔菌目分类群中检测到MnP基因。
• 分解者活性基因的存在支持了外生菌根真菌与腐生真菌之间假定的进化关系。木质素分解基因的表达可能有助于外生菌根真菌获取与土壤中死亡植物材料相关的养分，并可能提供补充碳源。外生菌根真菌与分解者真菌之间严格的功能界限可能比以前认为的不那么明确。
