Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia.
Braz J Biol. 2022 Aug 15;82:e264870. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.264870. eCollection 2022.
The use of phytoregulators is a modern way of producing crops to increase yields and product quality. The components of phytoregulators have a beneficial effect on the growth and development of plants and help to withstand unfavorable environmental factors, stress, lack of mineral nutrition, soil fatigue, and the action of a wide range of pesticides. The research is aimed to investigate the influence of three phytoregulators: Cherkaz, Floravit, EcoFus on two varieties of flax: Severny and LM 98. We conducted a 3-year, field experiment with flax. In the so-called herringbone stage of the plant growth, the flax seedlings were treated the investigated phytoregulators. Flax plants were analyzed for yields. The method of near-infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the content of lipids and proteins in flax seeds after harvesting. The oil content in flax seeds was determined. Using chromatography, we analyzed each variant of the experiment from the point of view of fatty acid composition. The application of phytoregulators increased the seed yield by 14-19% and the short fiber yield by 9-20% relative to control. The protein content in the seeds of the experimental samples Floravit and Cherkaz increased by 2.3-2.5% and by 1.5% in the experiments with EcoFus relative to the control. The lipid content in flax seeds increased by 5-5.6% (Floravit), by 3.5-3.95% (EcoFus), and by 4.7-5.1% (Cherkaz) relative to control. The oil ratio in flax seeds of the LM 98 and Severny varieties averaged 35.5-45.5%. An increase in the oil yields was 2.8-6.9% for Floravit, 2-4.1% for EcoFus, and 4.4-4.9% for Cherkaz relative to control. The application of Floravit, Cherkaz and EkoFus in flaxseed cultivation contributed to an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids in oil: the content of ω-3 fatty acids ranged 61.90-63.10% compared to control 54.70%. Floravit proved to be the most effective of the three tested phytoregulators. The studies carried out over three years allow us to conclude that the use of new phytoregulators contributes to an increase in the quality and flaxseed yield and the flax fiber yield. Floravit was the most effective preparation and can be used for pre-sowing seed treatment and during the growing season.
植物调节剂的使用是提高作物产量和产品质量的一种现代方法。植物调节剂的成分对植物的生长和发育有有益的影响，并有助于抵御不利的环境因素、胁迫、缺乏矿物质营养、土壤疲劳和广泛的农药作用。本研究旨在研究三种植物调节剂：Cherkaz、Floravit 和 EcoFus 对两个亚麻品种（Severny 和 LM 98）的影响。我们进行了为期三年的田间亚麻试验。在植物生长的所谓鲱鱼骨阶段，用调查的植物调节剂处理亚麻幼苗。分析亚麻植物的产量。收获后，使用近红外光谱法分析亚麻籽中的脂质和蛋白质含量。测定亚麻籽的油含量。使用色谱法，我们从脂肪酸组成的角度分析了每个实验变体。与对照相比，植物调节剂的应用使种子产量增加了 14-19%，短纤维产量增加了 9-20%。Floravit 和 Cherkaz 实验组的种子蛋白质含量分别增加了 2.3-2.5%，EcoFus 实验组增加了 1.5%。与对照相比，亚麻籽的脂质含量增加了 5-5.6%（Floravit）、3.5-3.95%（EcoFus）和 4.7-5.1%（Cherkaz）。LM 98 和 Severny 品种的亚麻籽油率平均为 35.5-45.5%。Floravit 的油产量增加了 2.8-6.9%，EcoFus 增加了 2-4.1%，Cherkaz 增加了 4.4-4.9%。在亚麻种子栽培中应用 Floravit、Cherkaz 和 EkoFus 有助于增加油中的多不饱和脂肪酸：与对照相比，ω-3 脂肪酸的含量范围为 61.90-63.10%。Floravit 被证明是三种测试的植物调节剂中最有效的一种。三年的研究使我们得出结论，使用新的植物调节剂有助于提高亚麻的产量和质量以及亚麻纤维的产量。Floravit 是最有效的制剂，可用于播前种子处理和生长季节。
