Universidade Federal do Paraná, Faculdade de Odontologia (Curitiba/PR, Brazil).
Universidade Federal do Paraná, Faculdade de Medicina (Curitiba/PR, Brazil).
Dental Press J Orthod. 2022 Aug 15;27(4):e2220298. doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.27.4.e2220298.oar. eCollection 2022.
Bruxism is defined as a repetitive activity of masticatory muscles, characterized by the clenching or grinding of the teeth, which can occur during wakefulness (awake bruxism) or during sleep (sleep bruxism).
The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of awake bruxism and its associated factors.
Sample was composed by 50 participants of both genders, aged between 18 and 60 years, submitted to a clinical examination - to observe the presence of tooth wear, marks on the mucosa, or masseter muscles hypertrophy - and self-applied questionnaires, which evaluated the presence of TMD signs and symptoms, oral behaviors, lifestyles, anxiety level and sleep quality.
The prevalence of awake bruxism was 48%. Its presence was statistically and significantly associated with the presence of signs and symptoms of TMD (p= 0.002), poor sleep quality (p = 0.032), buccal mucosa indentations (p < 0.001) and tongue (p = 0.011). Age, gender, social characteristics, habits (such as coffee ingestion, smoking, alcoholism and physical activity) and tooth wear were variables that had no significant association with awake bruxism.
It was concluded that awake bruxism shows a high prevalence and a positive association with signs and symptoms of TMD and worst sleep quality. In addition, awake bruxism is more likely to occur in individuals who have buccal mucosa indentation and who present high rates of oral habits and oral behaviors.
磨牙症是咀嚼肌重复活动的一种表现，其特征为牙齿紧咬或磨牙，可发生在清醒时（清醒磨牙症）或睡眠时（睡眠磨牙症）。
本研究的目的是确定清醒磨牙症的患病率及其相关因素。
样本由 50 名年龄在 18 至 60 岁之间的男女参与者组成，进行了临床检查——观察牙齿磨损、口腔黏膜上的痕迹或咀嚼肌肥大的存在——并自行填写了问卷，评估 TMD 体征和症状、口腔行为、生活方式、焦虑水平和睡眠质量。
清醒磨牙症的患病率为 48%。其存在与 TMD 体征和症状（p=0.002）、睡眠质量差（p=0.032）、颊黏膜压痕（p<0.001）和舌（p=0.011）存在具有统计学显著相关性。年龄、性别、社会特征、习惯（如摄入咖啡、吸烟、酗酒和体育活动）以及牙齿磨损是与清醒磨牙症无显著相关性的变量。
清醒磨牙症的患病率较高，与 TMD 体征和症状以及较差的睡眠质量呈正相关。此外，清醒磨牙症更可能发生在存在颊黏膜压痕、口腔习惯和行为发生率高的个体中。
