Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
Department of ICU, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2022 Sep;9(9):1428-1436. doi: 10.1002/acn3.51643. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) regulates neurite outgrowth, neurotransmitter, and T help (Th) cell-mediated neuroinflammation, while its clinical implication in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation of CDC42 with Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, as well as CDC42' longitudinal change and relation to cognitive function decline in AD patients.
150 AD patients were enrolled, then their blood Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells were quantified by flow cytometry at baseline; CDC42 was detected by RT-qPCR and MMSE score was assessed at baseline and during 3-year follow-up. Meanwhile, CDC42, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells were quantified in 30 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs).
CDC42 (p < 0.001) and Th2 cells (p < 0.001) were lowest in AD patients, followed by PD patients, highest in HCs; but Th1 cells (p = 0.001) and Th17 cells (p < 0.001) showed opposite trends. CDC42 was not related to Th1 cells (p = 0.134), positively correlated with Th2 cells (p = 0.023) and MMSE (p < 0.001), while negatively associated with Th17 cells (p < 0.001) in AD patients. CDC42 was only related to Th17 cells (p = 0.048) and MMSE (p = 0.048) in PD patients; and it was not linked with Th1, Th2, Th17 cells, or MMSE in HCs (all p > 0.05). During a 3-year follow-up, CDC42 was gradually declined in AD patients (p < 0.001), its decline was positively correlated with MMSE decline at 1 year (p = 0.004), 2 years (p = 0.005), and 3 years (p = 0.026).
CDC42 might have the potency to serve as a biomarker for estimating AD risk and progression.
细胞分裂周期蛋白 42（CDC42）调节神经突生长、神经递质和辅助性 T 细胞（Th）介导的神经炎症，但其在阿尔茨海默病（AD）中的临床意义尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨 CDC42 与 Th1、Th2 和 Th17 细胞的相关性，以及 CDC42 在 AD 患者中的纵向变化及其与认知功能下降的关系。
纳入 150 例 AD 患者，在基线时通过流式细胞术定量检测其血液中的 Th1、Th2 和 Th17 细胞；通过 RT-qPCR 检测 CDC42，在基线和 3 年随访时评估 MMSE 评分。同时，在 30 例帕金森病（PD）患者和 30 例健康对照（HC）中定量检测 CDC42、Th1、Th2 和 Th17 细胞。
AD 患者的 CDC42（p<0.001）和 Th2 细胞（p<0.001）最低，PD 患者次之，HC 患者最高；而 Th1 细胞（p=0.001）和 Th17 细胞则呈相反趋势。AD 患者的 CDC42 与 Th1 细胞无相关性（p=0.134），与 Th2 细胞呈正相关（p=0.023），与 MMSE 呈正相关（p<0.001），与 Th17 细胞呈负相关（p<0.001）。PD 患者的 CDC42 仅与 Th17 细胞（p=0.048）和 MMSE（p=0.048）相关，而与 Th1、Th2、Th17 细胞或 MMSE 均无相关性（均 p>0.05）。在 3 年随访期间，AD 患者的 CDC42 逐渐下降（p<0.001），其下降与 1 年（p=0.004）、2 年（p=0.005）和 3 年（p=0.026）时 MMSE 的下降呈正相关。
CDC42 可能具有作为评估 AD 风险和进展的生物标志物的潜力。
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