Koone Jordan C, Dashnaw Chad M, Alonzo Emily A, Iglesias Miguel A, Patero Kelly-Shaye, Lopez Juan J, Zhang Ao Yun, Zechmann Bernd, Cook Noah E, Minkara Mona S, Supalo Cary A, Wedler Hoby B, Guberman-Pfeffer Matthew J, Shaw Bryan F
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
Center for Microscopy and Imaging, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
Sci Adv. 2022 Aug 19;8(33):eabq2640. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq2640. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
People who are blind do not have access to graphical data and imagery produced by science. This exclusion complicates learning and data sharing between sighted and blind persons. Because blind people use tactile senses to visualize data (and sighted people use eyesight), a single data format that can be easily visualized by both is needed. Here, we report that graphical data can be three-dimensionally printed into tactile graphics that glow with video-like resolution via the lithophane effect. Lithophane forms of gel electropherograms, micrographs, electronic and mass spectra, and textbook illustrations could be interpreted by touch or eyesight at ≥79% accuracy ( = 360). The lithophane data format enables universal visualization of data by people regardless of their level of eyesight.
盲人无法获取科学产生的图形数据和图像。这种排斥使得有视力者和盲人之间的学习与数据共享变得复杂。由于盲人利用触觉来可视化数据（而有视力者利用视觉），因此需要一种能被两者轻松可视化的单一数据格式。在此，我们报告图形数据可以通过透雕效果三维打印成具有类似视频分辨率的发光触觉图形。凝胶电泳图谱、显微照片、电子和质谱的透雕形式以及教科书插图，通过触摸或视觉的解读准确率≥79%（ = 360）。透雕数据格式使人们无论视力水平如何都能对数据进行通用可视化。
