Research and Development, Hy-Line International, Dallas Center, IA;
Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
J Immunol. 2022 Sep 15;209(6):1128-1137. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101010. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
The tightly linked A and E blood alloantigen systems are 2 of 13 blood systems identified in chickens. Reported herein are studies showing that the genes encoding A and E alloantigens map within or near to the chicken regulator of complement activation (RCA) gene cluster, a region syntenic with the human RCA. Genome-wide association studies, sequence analysis, and sequence-derived single-nucleotide polymorphism information for known A and/or E system alleles show that the most likely candidate gene for the A blood system is C4BPM gene (complement component 4 binding protein, membrane). Cosegregation of single-nucleotide polymorphism-defined C4BPM haplotypes and blood system A alleles defined by alloantisera provide a link between chicken blood system A and C4BPM. The best match for the E blood system is the avian equivalent of FCAMR (Fc fragment of IgA and IgM receptor). C4BPM is located within the chicken RCA on chicken microchromosome 26 and is separated from FCAMR by 89 kbp. The genetic variation observed at C4BPM and FCAMR could affect the chicken complement system and differentially guide immune responses to infectious diseases.
紧密连锁的 A 和 E 血型抗原系统是鸡中鉴定的 13 个血型系统中的 2 个。本文报道的研究表明，编码 A 和 E 同种抗原的基因位于鸡补体激活调控因子（RCA）基因簇内或附近，该区域与人类的 RCA 基因具有同线性。全基因组关联研究、序列分析和已知 A 和/或 E 系统等位基因的序列衍生单核苷酸多态性信息表明，A 血型系统最可能的候选基因是 C4BPM 基因（补体成分 4 结合蛋白，膜）。单核苷酸多态性定义的 C4BPM 单倍型和抗血清定义的血型系统 A 等位基因的共分离为鸡血型系统 A 和 C4BPM 之间提供了联系。E 血型系统的最佳匹配是禽类等效物 FCAMR（IgA 和 IgM 受体的 Fc 片段）。C4BPM 位于鸡 26 号微染色体上的鸡 RCA 内，与 FCAMR 相隔 89 kbp。在 C4BPM 和 FCAMR 观察到的遗传变异可能影响鸡的补体系统，并对传染病的免疫反应产生不同的指导作用。
