性别、年龄和心血管代谢风险特征与脑结构和认知的关联：英国生物银行潜在类别分析。
Associations of Sex, Age, and Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles With Brain Structure and Cognition: A UK Biobank Latent Class Analysis.
机构信息
From the Peninsula Clinical School (S.T., C.M., T.A.C., R.J.B., E.M.L., W.W., M.L.C., V.K.S.), Monash University; National Centre for Healthy Ageing (S.T., C.M., T.A.C., R.J.B., M.L.C., V.K.S.); Department of Geriatric Medicine (S.T., C.M., V.K.S.), Peninsula Health; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (R.J.B.); Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (A.J.V.), Monash University; Department of Endocrinology (A.J.V.), Monash Health; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology (W.W.), Cabrini Institute, Melbourne, Victoria; Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.L.C., V.K.S.), University of Tasmania, Hobart; Centre for Research in Mathematics (R.T.), Western Sydney University, New South Wales; Stroke and Aging Research Group (T.G.P.), and The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health (A.F.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
出版信息
Neurology. 2022 Oct 25;99(17):e1853-e1865. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201028. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
It is unknown whether there are sex-related profiles of cardiometabolic health that contribute differently to age-related changes in brain health during midlife. We studied how latent classes of middle-aged individuals clustering by age, sex, menopause, and cardiometabolic health were associated with brain structure and cognitive performance.
METHODS
Health, brain, and abdominal MRI data from the UK Biobank cohort (men and women aged >40 years in the United Kingdom) were used. We applied latent class analysis to identify groups of individuals based on age, sex, menopausal status, and cardiometabolic health. We examined associations of class membership with brain volumes (total brain volume [TBV], gray matter volume [GMV], white matter volume [WMV], hippocampal volume, and white matter hyperintensity volume) and cognitive performance.
RESULTS
Data were available for 36,420 individuals (mean age 64.9 years, 48.5% women). Eight latent classes differing in age, sex, and cardiometabolic risk were identified. Class 1 (reference class) included individuals with the lowest probability of older age and cardiometabolic risk, and the healthiest levels of brain volumes and cognition. In those aged >60 years, but not in those aged 50-60 years, the negative associations of age with TBV, GMV, and WMV were greater in the class comprising healthier older women than classes comprising older men of varying cardiometabolic and vascular health. There were no age-class interactions for cognitive test performance.
DISCUSSION
Latent class analysis detected groups of middle-aged individuals clustering by cardiometabolic health. The relationship of age with brain volumes varies by sex, menopausal status, and cardiometabolic health profile.
背景与目的
目前尚不清楚是否存在与性别相关的心脏代谢健康特征，这些特征会对中年期大脑健康与年龄相关的变化产生不同的影响。我们研究了中年个体的潜在类别，这些个体是根据年龄、性别、绝经状况和心脏代谢健康聚类的，它们与大脑结构和认知表现有何关联。
方法
我们使用了英国生物库队列的健康、大脑和腹部 MRI 数据（英国年龄>40 岁的男性和女性）。我们应用潜在类别分析根据年龄、性别、绝经状态和心脏代谢健康来识别个体群体。我们检查了类别的成员资格与大脑容量（总脑容量[TBV]、灰质容量[GMV]、白质容量[WMV]、海马容量和白质高信号容量）和认知表现的关联。
结果
共有 36420 名个体的数据可用（平均年龄 64.9 岁，48.5%为女性）。确定了 8 个在年龄、性别和心脏代谢风险方面存在差异的潜在类别。第 1 类（参考类）包括年龄最小且心脏代谢风险最低、大脑容量和认知健康水平最高的个体。在年龄>60 岁的个体中，但在年龄 50-60 岁的个体中，年龄与 TBV、GMV 和 WMV 呈负相关，在由健康状况较好的老年女性组成的类别中，其相关性大于由不同心脏代谢和血管健康状况的老年男性组成的类别。认知测试表现没有年龄-类别交互作用。
讨论
潜在类别分析检测到了根据心脏代谢健康聚类的中年个体群体。年龄与大脑容量的关系因性别、绝经状况和心脏代谢健康特征而异。
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