Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 17;12(1):13909. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17436-0.
Coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedural details in swine are similar to those performed to humans, since their heart and coronary anatomy closely resembles. However, only a few detailed descriptions of the procedure are available, containing notable differences. We present a feasible and reproducible protocol for percutaneous coronary interventions in porcine experimental models, utilizing ultrasound-guided femoral approach. Nine female pigs were studied to explore the feasibility of superficial femoral arterial (SFA) access for coronary angiography and provisional PCI, as well as the most suitable guiding coronary catheters and angiographic projections for the above interventions. Experiments were performed under general anesthesia, using ultrasound-guided puncture of the SFA to gain arterial access. The Amplatzer AR1 catheter, and the Right Coronary Bypass catheter were used for the selective engagement of the right and the left coronary artery, respectively. Successful arterial access and subsequent cardiac catheterization were performed in all pigs. Only one animal required a second puncture for femoral artery access. None of the 9 animals presented any significant tachycardia or hypotensive episode. One animal developed an access site-related complication following the first catheterization procedure. During follow-up, 100% success of SFA catheterization was achieved using the same ultrasound-guided technique. The ultrasound-guided superficial femoral artery access for coronary angiography and provisional interventions in porcine models is a quick and safe alternative to the carotid artery approach. The RCB and AR1 catheters may be the best choice for the quick and easy selective coronary engagement of the right and left ostia, respectively.
冠状动脉造影和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）在猪身上的操作细节与人类相似，因为它们的心脏和冠状动脉解剖结构非常相似。然而，目前只有少数关于该操作的详细描述，其中包含一些显著差异。我们提出了一种可行且可重复的猪实验模型经皮冠状动脉介入治疗方案，利用超声引导股动脉入路。本研究共纳入 9 头雌性猪，旨在探索超声引导股动脉入路进行冠状动脉造影和临时 PCI 的可行性，以及用于上述介入操作的最合适的引导冠状动脉导管和造影投照角度。所有实验均在全身麻醉下进行，采用超声引导股动脉穿刺获得动脉入路。Amplatzer AR1 导管和右冠状动脉旁路导管分别用于选择性进入右冠状动脉和左冠状动脉。所有猪均成功进行了动脉入路和随后的心脏导管检查。只有 1 只动物需要第二次股动脉穿刺才能获得动脉入路。9 只动物均未出现明显的心动过速或低血压发作。1 只动物在首次导管检查后出现了与入路相关的并发症。在随访过程中，所有猪均采用相同的超声引导技术成功进行了股动脉导管检查。与颈动脉入路相比，超声引导股动脉入路进行冠状动脉造影和临时介入治疗是一种快速、安全的替代方法。RCB 和 AR1 导管可能是快速、轻松地选择性进入右冠状动脉和左冠状动脉口的最佳选择。
