从 COVID-19 大流行和临床试验沟通、出版实践和研究诚信方面的最新发展中吸取的教训：与 David Moher 博士对话。
Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic and recent developments on the communication of clinical trials, publishing practices, and research integrity: in conversation with Dr. David Moher.
机构信息
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
出版信息
Trials. 2022 Aug 17;23(1):671. doi: 10.1186/s13063-022-06624-y.
BACKGROUND
The torrent of research during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed the persistent challenges with reporting trials, open science practices, and scholarship in academia. These real-world examples provide unique learning opportunities for research methodologists and clinical epidemiologists-in-training. Dr. David Moher, a recognized expert on the science of research reporting and one of the founders of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement, was a guest speaker for the 2021 Hooker Distinguished Visiting Professor Lecture series at McMaster University and shared his insights about these issues.
MAIN TEXT
This paper covers a discussion on the influence of reporting guidelines on trials and issues with the use of CONSORT as a measure of quality. Dr. Moher also addresses how the overwhelming body of COVID-19 research reflects the "publish or perish" paradigm in academia and why improvement in the reporting of trials requires policy initiatives from research institutions and funding agencies. We also discuss the rise of publication bias and other questionable reporting practices. To combat this, Dr. Moher believes open science and training initiatives led by institutions can foster research integrity, including the trustworthiness of researchers, institutions, and journals, as well as counter threats posed by predatory journals. He highlights how metrics like journal impact factor and quantity of publications also harm research integrity. Dr. Moher also discussed the importance of meta-science, the study of how research is carried out, which can help to evaluate audit and feedback systems and their effect on open science practices.
CONCLUSION
Dr. Moher advocates for policy to further improve the reporting of trials and health research. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed how a lack of open science practices and flawed systems incentivizing researchers to publish can harm research integrity. There is a need for a culture shift in assessing careers and "productivity" in academia, and this requires collaborative top-down and bottom-up approaches.
背景
在冠状病毒（COVID-19）大流行期间，研究如洪流般涌现，这暴露出报告试验、开放科学实践和学术研究方面的持续挑战。这些真实世界的例子为研究方法学家和临床流行病学家提供了独特的学习机会。大卫·莫尔博士是研究报告科学方面的知名专家，也是 CONSORT（CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials）声明的创始人之一，他曾作为 2021 年麦克马斯特大学胡克杰出客座教授讲座系列的演讲嘉宾，分享了他对这些问题的见解。
主要内容
本文讨论了报告指南对试验的影响以及 CONSORT 作为质量衡量标准的使用问题。莫尔博士还谈到了 COVID-19 研究压倒性的数量反映了学术界的“发表或灭亡”范式，以及为什么提高试验报告需要研究机构和资助机构的政策举措。我们还讨论了发表偏倚和其他可疑报告做法的兴起。为了解决这个问题，莫尔博士认为，由机构主导的开放科学和培训举措可以促进研究诚信，包括研究人员、机构和期刊的可信度，以及抵御掠夺性期刊带来的威胁。他强调了期刊影响因子和出版物数量等指标如何也会损害研究诚信。莫尔博士还讨论了元科学（meta-science）的重要性，即研究研究如何进行的科学，这有助于评估审计和反馈系统及其对开放科学实践的影响。
结论
莫尔博士主张采取政策进一步改进试验和健康研究的报告。冠状病毒大流行暴露了开放科学实践的缺乏和激励研究人员发表的有缺陷的系统如何损害研究诚信。需要改变学术界评估职业和“生产力”的文化，这需要自上而下和自下而上的合作方法。
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