Regenerative Medicine and Immunotherapy Area, Fondazione Ri.MED, Palermo 90127, Italy.
Department of Research, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS-ISMETT), Palermo 90127, Italy.
World J Gastroenterol. 2022 Jun 14;28(22):2417-2428. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i22.2417.
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the principal etiology of cirrhosis and, ultimately, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). At present, approximately 71 million people are chronically infected with HCV, and 10%-20% of these are expected to develop severe liver complications throughout their lifetime. Scientific evidence has clearly shown the causal association between miRNAs, HCV infection and HCC. Although it is not completely clear whether miRNA dysregulation in HCC is the cause or the consequence of its development, variations in miRNA patterns have been described in different liver diseases, including HCC. Many studies have analyzed the importance of circulating miRNAs and their effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In this Review, we aim to summarize current knowledge on the association between miRNA, HCV and HCC from a diagnostic point of view, and also the potential implications for therapeutic approaches.
慢性丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染是肝硬化的主要病因，最终导致肝细胞癌（HCC）。目前，约有 7100 万人慢性感染 HCV，其中 10%-20%的人预计在其一生中会出现严重的肝脏并发症。科学证据清楚地表明了 miRNA、HCV 感染和 HCC 之间的因果关系。尽管 miRNA 在 HCC 中的失调是其发展的原因还是结果尚不完全清楚，但在不同的肝脏疾病中，包括 HCC 中，已经描述了 miRNA 模式的变化。许多研究分析了循环 miRNA 的重要性及其对细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。在这篇综述中，我们旨在从诊断的角度总结 miRNA、HCV 和 HCC 之间关联的最新知识，以及对治疗方法的潜在影响。
