Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, P.O. Box X5401, Durban, South Africa.
Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, P.O. Box X5401, Durban, South Africa.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2022 Oct 15;932:175210. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175210. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
Cancer is a leading cause of increased morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment. Lack of early detection and diagnosis of different cancers and adverse effects and toxicity associated with conventional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, remains a problem. MicroRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in different types of cancers. Their distinct gene expression in various stages and types of cancerous cells make them attractive targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy. The growing research and clinical interests in gene therapy and nano-drug delivery systems have led to the development of potential miRNA-targeted treatments encompassing miRNA mimics, antagonists, and their use in cancer chemotherapy sensitization. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in understanding the role of miRNAs in cancer development and their potential use as biomarkers in clinical diagnostics and as targets in chemotherapy of cancer.
尽管在诊断和治疗方面取得了进展，但癌症仍然是导致全球发病率和死亡率上升的主要原因。不同癌症的早期检测和诊断以及与传统癌症治疗（如化疗和放疗）相关的不良反应和毒性仍然是一个问题。MicroRNAs 在不同类型的癌症中可以作为癌基因或肿瘤抑制基因发挥作用。它们在不同阶段和类型的癌细胞中的独特基因表达使它们成为癌症诊断和治疗的有吸引力的靶标。基因治疗和纳米药物输送系统的研究和临床兴趣不断增加，导致了潜在的 miRNA 靶向治疗的发展，包括 miRNA 模拟物、拮抗剂及其在癌症化疗增敏中的应用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 miRNA 在癌症发展中的作用的最新进展，以及它们作为临床诊断生物标志物和化疗靶点的潜在用途。
