School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, PO Box 241, Villawood, NSW, 2163, Australia.
Karitane, Villawood, Australia.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2022 Dec;25(4):737-753. doi: 10.1007/s10567-022-00405-4. Epub 2022 Aug 18.
There is strong evidence to show links between attachment security in young children and a range of positive outcomes in social, emotional, and psychological domains. The aims of this review were to provide a narrative summary of (1) the attachment-based interventions currently available for caregivers of toddlers aged 12-24 months and for which research about the impact of the program on child attachment patterns has been reported, and (2) the empirical effectiveness of these interventions at improving attachment security. A number of interventions were shown to be associated with shifts to secure and/or organized attachment, with Child-Parent Psychotherapy and Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up emerging as the interventions with the strongest evidence bases. For most interventions, evidence came from just a single research study, and in some cases from studies that were not randomized controlled trials. In order for clinicians to make informed decisions about the interventions they use with parents and toddlers, it is vital that further research be conducted to test the efficacy of all available attachment-based parenting programs using randomized controlled trial designs, in a range of settings and clinical and cultural groups, and with longitudinal follow-ups.
有强有力的证据表明，幼儿的依恋安全性与社会、情感和心理领域的一系列积极结果之间存在关联。本综述的目的是提供一个叙述性的总结：（1）目前为 12-24 个月大幼儿的照顾者提供的基于依恋的干预措施，以及已报告的关于该计划对儿童依恋模式影响的研究；（2）这些干预措施在提高依恋安全性方面的实证效果。一些干预措施与向安全和/或有组织的依恋模式转变有关，儿童-父母心理疗法和依恋与生物行为追赶干预措施具有最强的证据基础。对于大多数干预措施，证据仅来自一项研究，在某些情况下，证据来自非随机对照试验的研究。为了让临床医生能够就他们与父母和幼儿一起使用的干预措施做出明智的决策，至关重要的是，使用随机对照试验设计，在各种环境和临床及文化群体中，并进行纵向随访，对所有可用的基于依恋的育儿计划进行进一步研究，以检验其疗效。
