Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022 Sep-Oct;49:102408. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102408. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
There are limited data regarding prevalence, anti-malarial chemoprophylaxis, and causes of death for severe imported malaria. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterise these variables.
We searched studies reporting deaths attributable to severe imported malaria. The following pooled prevalence rates were determined: 1) the pooled prevalence of severe malaria among patients with imported malaria, 2) the pooled prevalence of deaths among patients with severe imported malaria, 3) the pooled prevalence of anti-malarial chemoprophylaxis among patients with severe imported malaria, and 4) the causes of death among patients with severe imported malaria.
The search identified 52 studies that were mainly conducted in Europe (25, 48.1%), North America (16, 30.8%) and Asia (7, 13.5%). The pooled prevalence of severe imported malaria was 12.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.3%-14.6%, I = 99.32%, 12393 severe cases/118325 imported cases). The pooled prevalence of deaths attributable to severe imported malaria was 5.1% (95% CI = 4.0%-6.2%, I = 91.72%, 721 deaths/16310 severe cases). The pooled prevalence of adequate anti-malarial chemoprophylaxis among patients with severe imported malaria was 9.7% (95% CI = 6.5%-13.0%, I = 89.9%, 203/2049 cases). The most common cause of death was multi-organ failure (12.3%).
The results highlighted the need for education and preventative measures for travellers, immigrants, or workers who plan to visit malaria-endemic areas to minimize the risk of severe disease or death.
关于重症输入性疟疾的流行情况、抗疟化学预防以及死亡原因，数据有限。因此，我们进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以描述这些变量。
我们检索了报告归因于重症输入性疟疾死亡的研究。确定了以下汇总患病率：1）输入性疟疾患者中重症疟疾的汇总患病率，2）重症输入性疟疾患者中死亡的汇总患病率，3）重症输入性疟疾患者中抗疟化学预防的汇总患病率，以及 4）重症输入性疟疾患者的死亡原因。
搜索确定了 52 项主要在欧洲（25 项，占 48.1%）、北美（16 项，占 30.8%）和亚洲（7 项，占 13.5%）进行的研究。重症输入性疟疾的汇总患病率为 12.5%（95%置信区间 [CI] = 10.3%-14.6%，I = 99.32%，12393 例重症病例/118325 例输入性病例）。归因于重症输入性疟疾的死亡汇总患病率为 5.1%（95% CI = 4.0%-6.2%，I = 91.72%，721 例死亡/16310 例重症病例）。重症输入性疟疾患者中适当抗疟化学预防的汇总患病率为 9.7%（95% CI = 6.5%-13.0%，I = 89.9%，203/2049 例）。最常见的死亡原因是多器官衰竭（12.3%）。
结果强调了旅行者、移民或计划前往疟疾流行地区的工人需要接受教育和采取预防措施，以最大程度地降低患重病或死亡的风险。
